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Format by A.K. Aruna, 2024 ver.5.0: UpasanaYoga. This is a dictionary of just the common Sanskrit verbal roots and prefixes. The below especially lists the verbal root forms that are commonly seen used as verbs, and/or maybe as participles – per Macdonell. Not found here are other roots that may be found as verbs in less common (or untranslated or no longer existing) texts, or many more roots listed by puṇḍits which are perhaps assumed as the source of many nouns or adjectives in the language.
These entries are excepts from Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary – which are augmented with certain verbal forms and some extra meanings, shown within brackets {•…•}, from Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Monier-Williams typically gives Present tense 3rd person form, other anomolous forms, followed by Passive and Aorist that has the passive sense, then by Causal and Aorist that has causal sense, then Desiderative and Intensive. More exhaustive charts of these verbal forms are shown via a link (🔗) to the pertinent location in www.ashtadhyayi.com Dhatu section. In case any link fails the root # being looked up is displayed, e.g. "02.0034". Sometimes there is divergent information from these three sources – verbal root usage over thousands of years in Sanskrit literature is complicated to summarize.
The two dictionary sources may differ due to their predetermined selection of Sanskrit sources, Monier-Williams being of the wider range and number of sources. I have not included roots listed by Monier-Williams, but not listed by Macdonell. However, the below list will be quite exhaustive for most English speakers who are not advanced Sanskrit scholars.
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 अद   अव 

√अक्ष् — AKṢ, 🔗 {•(probably not a simple rt., perhaps a kind of old Desid. form of rt. 1. अश्), cl. 1. P. अक्षति, cl. 5. अक्ष्णोति, आनक्ष, अक्षिष्यति, अक्ष्यति, आक्षीत्, अक्षितुम् or अष्टुम्; Caus. अक्षयति,-यितुम्, आचिक्षत्; Desid. अचि-क्षिषति or अचिक्षति•} reach: pp. अष्ट.
निस्०, unman.

√अङ्ग् — AṄG, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. अङ्गति, आनङ्ग, अङ्गितुम्; cl. 10. P. अङ्गयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. go. pa̍li (= pari), cs. अङ्ग य, stir: ps. revolve.

√अच्^1.U. — AC, 🔗 √अञ्च् AÑC, 🔗 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. अचति, -ते, ( अञ्च् connected with अच्), cl. 1. P. A. अञ्चति, -ते, आनञ्च, -ए, अञ्चि-ष्यति, -ते, अञ्चितुम्; cl. 10. or Caus. अञ्चयति, -यितुम्; Desid. P. A. अञ्चिचिषति, -ते; Pass. अञ्च्यते or अच्यते•} 1. अ॑च, अ॑ञ्च, bend; go; honour: pp. अञ्चित, bent, curly; distinguished, extraordinary: -म्, ad. carefully; cs. अञ्चय, P. produce, cause.
अनु०, follow, - one another.
अव०, sink: pp. sunk.
आ०, bend: gd. -आ॑च्य:pp. अ॑च्न.
उद्०, draw up: pp. उद्-अक्त; utter, sound.
वि‿उद्०, cs. raise up.
सम्‿उद्०, raise up: pp. -अक्त.
नि०, bend down; sink, hang down.
परि०, turn round.
वि०, bend asunder; spread out.
सम्०, press together.

√अज् — AJ, 🔗 {•अजति, आजीत्, अजितुम्; Desid. अजिजिषति•} I.P. (Ā.) अज, drive.
अधि०, drive up.
अप०, - away.
अव०, - down.
आ०, - up.
उद्०, - out.
उप०, - up; Ā. drive up for oneself.

√अञ्च्¹ — AÑC, 🔗 🔗 🔗 🔗 v. √अच्¹ AC🔗.

√अञ्ज् — AÑJ,🔗🔗 {•cl. 7. P. A. अनक्ति, अङ्क्ते, आनञ्ज, अञ्जिष्यति or अङ्क्ष्यति, आञ्जीत्, अञ्जितुम् or अङ्क्तुम्; Caus. अञ्जयति, -यितुम्, आञ्जिजत्•} VII. अन॑क्ति, अङ्क्ते॑, anoint, smear, (Ā. refl.); adorn: Ā. adorn oneself with (ac.); honour, celebrate; display; cs. smear.
अनु०, अभि०, anoint, smear.
आ०, anoint.
नि०, hide among (अन्तर्०).
वि०, beautify; manifest, display: pp. व्यक्त, manifest, distinct, clear: -म्, ad. distinctly, certainly, cs. show.
अभि-वि०, display: ps. be displayed, appear.
सम्०, anoint; adorn; unite with (in).

√अट्¹ — AṬ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. अटति, -ते, आट, अटिष्यति, आटीत्, अटितुम्; Intens. अटाट्यते; Desid. अटिटिषति•} I.P. roam about, wander through.
परि०, id.

√अत्¹ — AT, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. अतति, आत, अतिष्यति, आतीत्, अतितुम्•} I. a̍ta, go, wander, roam.

अति — a̍ti, ad. over, beyond (vbl. px.); exceedingly, very too, transcending (°-); prp. with ac. over, beyond, more than.

√अद् — AD, 🔗 {•cl. 2. P. अत्ति, आद, अत्स्यति, अत्तुम्•} II.P. अत्ति, eat, consume, enjoy; cs. आद॑य, feed.

अधि — a̍dhi, ad. above, upwards; highly; within; besides; prp. with ac. over, upon; up to; w. in across; w. ab. above; down from, from, out of; w. lc. above (of rank or number); under (the rule of); upon, in, on; with respect to; -°, upwards of -.

√अन् — AN, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 2. P. अनिति or Ved. अनति, आन, अनिष्यति, आनीत्, अनितुम्; Caus. आनयति, -यितुम्; Desid. अनिनिषति•} II.P. a̍n-i-ti, breathe.
अप०, exhale.
अभि‿अप०, breathe upon.
प्र०, breathe; blow.
अनु-प्र०, breathe after.
अभि-प्र०, inhale.
वि०, सम्०, breathe.
अनु-सम्०, breathe after.

अनु — a̍nu, ad. afterwards, then; again; prp. w. ac.: along; towards; over; after; according to; for (not against); with regard to; w. ac., ab., g. after (of time); w. ab. on account of.

अन्तर् — anta̍r, ad. within, inwards; prp. in, within (g., lc., -°); between, among (ac., g., lc.); out of (ab., g.).

√अप्¹ — AP, 🔗 🔗 be active, work.

अप — a̍pa, ad. off, away (°-).

अभि — abhi̍, ad. unto, near; prp. w. ac.: towards; to, against; over; for, for the sake of; with regard to; w. ab.: without.

√अम् — AM, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. अमति, -मितुम्, Ved. अमिति or अमीति; Caus. आमयति, -यितुम्•} am-īti, advance; cs. आमयति, be injured or ill.

√अर्घ् — ARGH, {•cl. 1. P. अर्घति, -घितुम्•} I.P. अर्घ, be worth.

√अर्च् — ARC, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 10. U. अर्चति, आनर्च, अर्चिष्यति, आर्चीत्, अर्चितुम्; Caus. अर्चयति, -ते, -यितुम्; Desid. अर्चिचिषति; Ved. Pass. ऋच्यते•} v. √ऋच् ṚC.

√अर्छ् — ARCH, v. √ऋछ् ṚCH.

√अर्ज् — ARJ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. अर्जति, आनर्ज, अर्जिष्यति, -जितुम्; Caus. अर्जयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. अर्ज, procure, acquire; cs. अर्जय, P. Ā. id..
उप०, cs. id.

√अर्द् — ARD, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. अर्दति, आनर्द, आर्दि-ष्यति, आर्दीत्, अर्दितुम्, Ved. 3. pl. impv. ऋअन्तु and cl. 7. P. ऋणत्ति; Caus. अर्दयति, -यितुम्; Desid. अर्दिदिषति – to move; to be moved; to be scattered as dust; to dissolve; to go; to ask, beg; to torment, hurt, kill•} v. √ऋद् ṚD.

√अर्ध् — ARDH, prosper, v. √ऋध् ṚDH.

√अर्ष् — ARṢ, v. √ऋष् ṚṢ.

√अर्ह् — ARH, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P., ep. A. अर्हति, -ते, आनर्ह, अर्हिष्यति, आर्हीत्, अर्हितुम्, Ved. अर्हसे; Caus. अर्हयति (aor. आर्जिहत्), -यितुम्; Desid. अर्जिहिषति•} I.P. (Ā.) अ॑र्ह, claim; deserve; be liable to, incur; be bound to, be capable of (ac.); have a right, be obliged, be able to (inf.); be worth, be equal to (ac.); the 2nd pers. sg. is equivalent to a polite imperative = please to, pray; deign to; cs. अर्हय, honour with (in.).
अभि०, cs. pp. अर्हित, highly honoured.

अलम् — a̍lam, ad. enough, sufficiently, thoroughly, adequately, plenteously; highly; sufficient or fit for; equal to, a match for (d.); able to (inf.); enough, of, away with (in.); have done w., cease, do not (inf. or gd. = impv.). See also √kṛ & √bhū.).

√अव् — AV, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. अवति, आव, आवीत्, अवि-ष्यति, अवितुम्; Caus. P. आवयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. अ॑व, urge; favour, help; comfort, satisfy; protect; like.
उप०, assent, agree.
प्र० = simple verb.

अव — a̍va, verbal and nominal prefix off; down; prp. w. ab. down from.

√अश्¹ — AŚ, 🔗 {•cl. 5. P. A. (in classical Sanskṛt A. only), अश्नोति, -नुते, आश, आनंश, आनशे, अशिष्यते or अक्ष्यते, आशिष्ट and आष्ट, अशितुम्; Caus. आशयति, आशिशत्; Desid. अशिशिषते; Intens. अशाश्यते•} V. अश्-नु, reach; attain; befall; enjoy.
अभि०, उद्०, reach; dominate.
उप०, सम्-उप०, प्र०, वि०, सम्०, id.

√अश्² — AŚ, 🔗 {•cl. 9. P. अश्नाति, आश, अशि-ष्यति, आशीत्, अशितुम्; Caus. आशयति, -यितुम्; Desid. अशिशिषति; Intens. अशाश्यते•} IX, P. अश्-ना-ति, eat, take (meat and drink); taste; enjoy: pp. अशित, eaten, cs. आशय, cause (ac.), feed: pp. आशित, fed; satiated; des. अशिशिष, wish to eat.
उप०, प्र०, सम्०, = simple ver.
अभि-प्र०, eat in addition to (ac.).

√अस्¹ — AS, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 2. P. अस्ति, (2nd sing. असि, Impf. आसीत्, Pot. स्यात्, Impv. अस्तु, 2nd sing. एधि, Perf. आस•} II.P. अ॑स्-ति (2 sg. Ā. से, in V. only in periphrastic ft.), be, exist; happen, take place; dwell, be found in (lc.); w. d. or g. be for, belong or accrue to, often = have or possess; be present in, be peculiar to (lc.); be ready for, be equal to, be capable of (d.); be sufficient for (g.); occur to (g.); w. न, not exist; be lost or undone: न‿अस्ति, + = I have nothing to give; अस्ति, it is so: at the beginning of sentences with another finite verb = it so happens or happened that, it sometimes happens that -; अस्मि, w. 1st sg. = I happen to be; अस्तु + एवम्, so be it, very well; अस्तु or सन्तु, w. following nm. = to सय् nothing of -.
अति०, surpass (ac.).
अनु०, be ready; reach (ac.).
अपि०, be near or in (lc.).
अभि०, surpass, overcome (ac.); be more than (ab.) to (d. or g.); *fall to the share of (g.).
उप०, be in (ac.).
परि०, overtake; allow to pass by (time).
प्र०, be to the fore, be prominent, excel.
सम्०, equal (ac.); be united with (सह); be, exist.

√अस्² — AS, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. अस्यति, आस, असिष्यति, आस्थत्, असितुम्•} IV.P. अ॑स्-य, cast, throw, shoot, at (d., g., lc.); cast off, abandon (only pp. अस्त-).
अधि०, misunderstand: es. pp. अध्यासित, meant by (in. of abst. N.).
अप०, cast, throw, or take off; lay down upon; leave, abandon; give up; put aside: gd. अपास्य, in spite, of, excepting (ac.).
अभि० (also I.P. Ā.), throw towards; discharge (arrows); apply oneself to, practise, transact, perform; study; repeat: pp. अभ्यस्त, reduplicated; cs. cause any one to practise; teach.
उद्०, throw or lift up; rise from (ac.).
वि‿उद्०, strew about; discharge; give up, abandon.
नि० (also I.P.), throw, lay or put down or aside; place or set in or on, pour upon (lc.); fix the gaze (lc.); deposit with, entrust or make over to (lc.); quit, give up (life); adduce, discuss: -पथि -, throw on the street, abandon; मनसि -, take to heart, ponder on (ac.); शिरसि -, place (a command) on the head, receive respectfully.
उप-नि०, lay down; adduce, discuss.
सम्-उप-नि०, bring forward, suggest.
परि०, stretch out.
वि-नि० (also I.P.), spread out; put down; lay or placed in or on (lc.); mark or designate by (in); direct the mind or gaze to (lc.); entrust or make over to (lc.).
सं-नि० (also I.P.), put together; lay down or aside; place upon (lc.); entrust to (g., lc.); abandon; renounce worldly concerns, become an ascetic.
निस्०, pull out; eject; expel from (ab.); dispel, banish; reject; destroy; refute.
परा०, throw away or down; abandon, expose (a child); quit (a place); refute.
परि०, throw or move about; roll (the eyes); cast down, overthrow; surround, ensnare; turn round; overspread; string; put around (Ā.); pp. -पर्य्-अस्त, fallen down upon (lc.); overspreading (-°); strung upon (-°); upset by (-°).
वि-परि०, invert, reverse; overturn: pp. विप॑र्यस्त, inverted; reverse; thinking erroneously; standing around.
प्र०, throw, into (lc.); upset.
प्रति०, throw to; cast off, abandon.
वि०, dissipate, dismember, scatter, separate: pp. -व्यस्त, divided, separated, single; multiplied.
सम्०, put together, unite: ps. be compounded; pp. united; forming a unity; compounded; whole, all.

√अह् — AH, 🔗 {•(connected with rt. नह्); cl. 1. P., Ved. अहति, 2nd pl. perf. अनाह•} only in pf. आ॑ह, speak, say (ac.) to (ac., d.); designate, call, declare; pronounce to be (2 ac.); adjudge (ac.) to (g.).
अधि०, speak for (d.).
अनु०, repeat, recite.
अभि०, answer; communicate (ac.) to (d.).
प्र०, pronounce, declare, say; call (2 ac.).
प्रति०, say to, answer (ac.).
वि०, argue.

आ — ā̍, ad. near (vbl. px.: reverses the meaning of verbs of giving and going); besides, also; quite, entirely, just (emphatic); px. w. pt. & a. somewhat, a little; scarcely; -ish; px. forming ad. & a. up to, till; prp. up to (after ac., before ab.); except (before ac.); from (ab.); at, on, in, near (after lc.); °-, from, up to.

√आञ्छ् — ĀÑCH, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. आञ्छति, आञ्छ or आनाञ्छ, आञ्छितुम्•} I.P. आञ्छ, pull, tug, stretch.

√आप् — ĀP, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 5. 1. P. आप्नोति or आपति, आप, आप्स्यति, आपत्, आप्तुम्; Pass. आप्यते; Caus. P. आपयति, -यितुम्, Aor. आपिपत्; Desid. P. ईप्सति; Desid. of the Caus. आपिपयिषति•} V.P. (Ā.) आप्-नु, reach, obtain, attain; incur, suffer; befall: ps. be completed: pp. आप्त॑, reached, obtained; filled, pervaded; abundant; trusty, familiar; cs. आप॑य, P. cause to reach or obtain, bring to; cause to feel; des. इ॑प्स, wish to obtain, desire.
अनु०, reach: pp. arrived.
अभि०, cs. complete; attain; des. wish for.
अव०, reach; obtain, acquire; meet with, incur, suffer.
प्रति‿अव०, recover.
सम्-अव०, obtain; incur.
उप०, fulfil.
परि०, reach; gain; make an end: pp. पर्याप्त, completed, full; abundant, spacious, sufficient for (d., g.), equal to (d., lc., inf.), a match for (g.) adequate; des. wish for; demand; guard; lie-in-wait for.
प्र०, reach, meet, fall in with, find; obtain, receive in marriage; incur; result from a rule, obtain, be in force (also ps.); pp. प्राप्त, reached; met, obtained; incurred; having reached etc. (ac. or -°); come, arrived, present; resulting from a rule, obtaining (gr.); cs. bring or convey to (2 ac.); report to or bring before; cause to obtain (2 ac.).
अनु-प्र०, reach, find; imitate: pp. arrived at, come to (ac.).
सम्-अनु-प्र०, reach: pp. come; arrived at (ac.); having obtained.
सम्-प्र०, reach, arrive at; meet; obtain, - in marriage; fall into, incur, suffer: pp. met, obtained; having reached, - come to, - fallen into (ac.); come, arrived; coming from (ab.).
अनु-सम्-प्र०, reach, arrive at; meet: pp. arrived at (ac.), befallen (ac.); come, present.
प्रति०, des. court, woo.
वि०, pervade, fill; reach to (आ): pp. pervaded, filled; bathed in (in.); occupied; possessed of (in.); included in; well-to-do: cs. pp. व्यापित, pervaded, filled.
अभि-वि०, gd. including (ac.).
सम्०, obtain; complete; kill: pp. concluded; cs. cause to obtain; finish, complete.
परि-सम्०, ps. be contained in (lc.); belong to (lc.); pp. entirely comprehended; perfected, summed up.

√आर् — ĀR, {•आर् = आ-ऋ, cl. 3. P. एयर्ति, or cl. 5. P. आर्णोति, आर्तुम्, आरितुम् or आरीतुम्, to come; to reach, obtain, fall into; to inflict; to insert, place in: Caus. आर्पयति, -यितुम्•} IV.P. आ॑र्-य, praise: pp. आरित॑.

आविस् — ā-vi̍s, ad. visible, manifest: with √as and √bhū, become manifest, appear; with √kṛ and cs. of √bhū, make manifest, show.

√आस्⁴ — ĀS, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P., Ved. आस्यति, -सितुम्•} II.Ā. आ॑स्-ते (E.+ I.Ā. Āsa, II. P. आस्-ति), sit, sit down (in or on, lc.); remain sitting; dwell, abide; take up one's abode, encamp; remain, lie; be firm; be left in the lurch; engage in (ac.); apply oneself to (lc.); behave, be (in a state) w. ad.; continue doing or being (w. pt., gd., a., N. ad.); tend to (d.); have (g.): आस्ताम्, impv. away w., enough of, to say nothing, of.
अधि०, sit or lie down on (ac.); take up one's abode in, occupy, inhabit; tread on, enter upon; rest on: pp. अध्यासित, resting upon; on which anything (in.) rests; have carnal knowledge of (ac.).
सम्-अधि०, occupy, inhabit (ac.).
अनु०, sit beside or round (ac.); sit down after (ac.).
उद्०, be indifferent.
उप०, sit beside, sit down -(ac.), beset (of subordinates or supplicants); besiege; sit; occupy, dwell in; take part in (ac.); betake oneself to, attain to (ac.); practise, be addicted to; suffer, undergo; continue doing or being (pt. or gd.); expect; honour; celebrate, perform; endeavour to (pt.); spend (time).
परि‿उप०, sit round, surround; beset (hostile); sit upon (ac.); take part in (ac.); honour, adore; quietly look on at.
सम्-उप०, sit; practise; honour.
परि०, assemble round (ac.).
सम्०, sit together; assemble round (ac.); abide in (lc.); deliberate; practise (ac.); behave like (इव); attend to, acknowledge (ac.); be a match for (ac.).
प्रति-सम्०, resist, be match for (ac.).

 इन 

√इ — I, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 2. P., 1. P. A. एति, अयति, -ते, इयाय, एष्यति, एतुम्, Ved. एतवे, एतवै, एतोस्; Intens. or cl. 4. A. ईयते; inf., Ved. ईयध्यै; Caus. आययति, -यितुम्•} II.P. ए॑-ति (-° Ā.); + I.P. Ā. अ॑य; IV.P. इ॑य, go, come (पुनर्, return); go to, attain, undergo (ac.); accrue to (ac.); ask for (ac., ab.); come from (ab.); go away, pass; undertake; continue (w. pt. pr.): ps. ईयते; pp. ita; intv. ईयते, 1 pl. ईमहे, pt. इयान॑, hasten; entreat (2 ac.).
अच्छ०, approach (ac.).
अति०, pass; traverse; elapse; allow to pass (time); enter; outstrip; exceed; conquer; avoid; part from (ab.): pp. अतीत, past; disappeared; having crossed; - avoided, - neglected.
अभि‿अति०, elapse; cross; allow to pass: pp. dead.
वि‿अति०, elapse; swerve from (ab.); pass by; traverse: pp. past.
सम्-अति०, pass, elapse; traverse; overcome.
अधि०, perceive; study, learn (generally Ā.), recite: pp. अधीत, learnt; learned (man; cs.) P. अध्यापय, teach (2 ac.).
प्र‿अधि०, pp. advanced in Vedic study.
सम्-अधि०, study thoroughly.
अनु०, follow; visit; obey; equal (ac.): pp. अन्वित, following (ac.); accompanied by, united, endowed, provided or filled with (in. or -°); increased by, plus (-°); imitated; logically connected.
सम्-अनु०, pp. provided or filled w., possessed of (in., -°).
अन्तर्०, get between; exclude from (ab.; sts. g.); remove: pp. excluded; separated; intervening; distant; being in (a state: -°); hidden or obstructed by (in. or -°).
अप०, go away, leave; disappear: pp. अपेत, escaped, retreated, disappeared; having swerved from, opposed to, devoid of (ab. or -°).
वि‿अप०, part; depart, cease: pp. parted; vanished; diverging from (-°); °- = -less.
अपि०, enter, be dissolved in (ac.); die.
अभि०, approach; tread (a path); enter; reach; attain; undergo; accrue to (ac.).
सम्-अभि०, approach; follow; accrue.
अव०, go down to (ac.); regard; mean; understand, perceive; learn, know, that (ac. of obj. with pred. ac. or nm. w. इति).
अभि‿अव०, descend into (ac.).
प्रति‿अव०, transgress.
सम्-अव०, come down together, subside; unite in (ac.); regard as (इव): pp. सम्-अवेत, united, all; inherent.
आ०, approach, come; - again; attain, fall into (a state); accrue to (ac.): pr. pt. आ-यत्, coming, future.
अनु‿आ०, follow.
अभि‿आ०, come to, approach; betake oneself to: w. भूयस्, come back again.
सम्-अभि‿आ०, approach.
उद्-आ०, go up; come forth; rise (csp. starts).
उप-आ०, approach; betake oneself to; attain.
परि‿आ०, wander about.
प्रति‿आ०, return to (ac.).
सम्-आ०, come together; assemble; join; meet with (in. + समम्); betake oneself to, enter (ac.); unite with in marriage (in.): pp. समेत, assembled; united; connected, provided or united; with (in. or -°).
उद्०, go up; rise (sun, moon); arise; increase; proceed from (ab.); appear; arise to fight against (ac.) pp. उदित, risen, appeared or increased.
अनु‿उद्०, come out to meet (ac.).
अप‿उद्०, turn aside; depart or withdraw from (ab.).
अभि‿उद्०, rise, appear; rise over (ac.); to fight against (ac.): pp. risen; - over (while still asleep, by the sun).
प्र‿उद्०, rise; appear.
प्रति‿उद्०, rise and go to meet (ac.).
सम्-उद्०, rise: pp. risen; lofty; united; endowed w. (in. or -°).
उप०, approach; betake oneself to (w. अपः, bathe); meet; be apprenticed to (ac.); turn from (ab.) to (ac.); approach carnally; obtain, attain, participate in; undergo, enter upon, have recourse to (a state; e.g. दर्शनम्, show oneself to, g.); undertake, devote oneself to; solicit; appear; befall: pp. उपेत, arrived; having retired to (-°); hvg. entered on (studies under a teacher); hvg. attained or betaken oneself to; suppliant; endowed w., possessed of (-°).
अभि‿उप०, approach; attain, betake oneself to; approach carnally; join (ac.); accrue to (ac.); enter on (a state); choose; assent: pp. come to (गृहम्- = being in); admitted, assented to, promised.
सम्-आ‿उप०, pp. furnished with (-°).
सम्-उप०, come together, assemble; meet (hostile); betake oneself to; attain; have sexual intercourse w.; solicit; attain; come upon, befall: pp. endowed or furnished with (in.).
नि०, go or get into.
निस्०, go out, come forth.
परा०, go or run away; go to (ac.); pass away, depart, die; obtain: pt. pf. परेयिव॑स्, pp. प॑रेत, deceased.
परि०, go round, walk round, surround: pp. परित, surrounded, filled, seized, by (in. or -°).
वि-परि०, turn round; fail: pp. reversed, contrary; acting contrarily; divergent; perverse, adverse.
सं-परि०, embrace. पला, प॑लायते (P. rare), flee. प्र-पला, flee away. वि-पला, flee asunder.
प्र०, go away; proceed. start, depart; die; come forward, advance; go to; gd. प्रे॑त्य, after death, in the next world: pp. प्रे॑त, deceased.
अनु-प्र०, follow.
अप-प्र०, depart from (ab.).
अभि-प्र०, approach; think of, mean: pp. intended, meant; desired; beloved.
सं-प्र०, flow together.
प्रति०, go to; return; go to meet, go against; accept; admit; be convinced (that, 2 ac.); believe, trust (g.); ps. प्रतीय-ते, be recognised, become apparent, result: pr. pt. -मान, known as (nm.); implicit: pp. प्रतीत, firmly resolved; trusting in (-°); satisfied, cheerful; recognised, known; cs. प्रत्य्-आययति, prove; convince.
वि०, traverse; extend; disperse, separate; diverge; be lost, perish: pp. वीत, vanished: °- = free from -, -less.
अभि-वि०, resort to (ac.) from all sides.
सम्०, come together, meet (at, ac.), unite (with, in.); penetrate; collide with; enter upon, begin; visit: pp. स॑मित, assembled; united; combined with (in. or -°).

√इङ्ग् — IṄG, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P., ep. A. इङ्गति, -ते, इङ्गाञ्-चकार, इङ्गिष्यति, इङ्गितुम्; Caus. P. इङ्गयति, -यितुम्; (in gram.) to divide or separate the members of a compound word, to use a word or bring it into such a grammatical relation that it is considered इङ्ग्य•} I. इङ्ग, stir, move (int.); cs. put in motion, shake.
उद्०, wave, wield.

√इध् — IDH, II.Ā. इन्द्धे, kindle; ps. इध्य॑ते, be kindled, flame: pp. इद्ध॑, kindled, aflame (also fig.).
सम्०, id.

√इन्² — IN, {•cl. 8. P., Ved. इनोति, ऐनोत्, 2nd sing. impv. इनुहि or इनु, cl. 9. P., 1st pl. इनीमसि, cl. 6. P. (fr. इन्व्) इन्वति, perf. 3rd pl. इन्विरे•} v. √इन्व् INV.

√इन्ध् — INDH, √इन्ध् INDH, 🔗 {•cl. 7. A. इन्द्धे, इन्धाञ्-चक्रे or ईधे, इन्धिष्यते, ऐन्धिष्ट, इन्धि-तुम्, to kindle, light, set on fire: Pass. इन्ध्यते•} v. √इध् IDH.

√इन्व् — INV, 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. इन्वति, इन्वाञ्-चकार, इन्विष्यति, ऐन्वीत्, इन्वितुम्•} I.P. इ॑न्व-ति, or √इन् IN, VIII. P. इनो॑-ति, put in motion, send; further, urge; overcome.

√इल् — IL, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. इलति, इयेल, एलिष्यति, ऐलीत्, एलितुम्, or cl. 10. P. इलयति or एलयति, -यितुम्, Aor. ऐलिलत् or ऐलयीत्•} VI.P. इल, come; इल॑य, stand still.

√इष्¹ — IṢ, {•cl. 4. P. इष्यति, इयेष, एषिष्यति, ऐषीत्, एषितुम्; cl. 9. P. इष्णाति; Caus. P. एषयति, -यितुम्; Desid. एषिषिषति•} VI. इष; I. एष (w. अनु); IV. इष्-य; IX. इष्-णा-ति, set in rapid motion, discharge; emit, utter; urge, encourage, animate; advance or strive towards (d., lc.): pp. इषित॑; cs. इष॑य, P. Ā. speed; comfort.
अनु०, go after, seek, look for.
प्र०, urge, send forth; call upon another priest to recite or perform a rite (ac.): impv. प्र‿इष्य, call upon to recite or offer (ac. or g.); cs. प्रेषय, hurl, throw, send; send away, dismiss: pp. प्रेषित.
अनु-प्र०, cs. send after or despatch to.
उप-प्र०, urge; call upon (a priest to recite).
सं-प्र०, cs. send; dismiss; send a message to (g.).

√इष्² — IṢ, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. P., ep. also A. इच्छति, -ते, इयेष, एषिष्यति, ऐषीत्, एषितुम् or एष्टुम्; Pass. इष्यते; Caus. P. एषयति, -यितुम्, ऐषिषत्; Desid. एषिषिषति•} VI.P. (Ā. in. V. & E.) इच्छ॑, seek, search after; wish something to be (2 ac.), desire, ask for, expect (from, ab., lc.); intend or be about to (inf.); regard as (2 ac.); choose, have the option of (ac.); recognise, sanction; with न, refuse (to, inf.); ps. इष्यते, be desired, - required, - prescribed, - recognised, - sanctioned, - accounted, -considered: pp. इष्-ट, q. v.
अनु०, seek, search after, look through; strive after; beg; try; cs. अन्वेषय, P. search; expect.
परि‿अनु०, search around.
अभि०, seek after; intend (inf.): pp. अभीष्ट.
प्रति०, seek; receive (from, g.); regard, obey.

 ईज 

√ईक्ष् — ĪKṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. ईक्षते, ईक्षाञ्-चक्रे, ईक्षिष्यते, ऐक्षिष्ट, ईक्षितुम्; Caus. ईक्षयति, -यितुम् (This root is perhaps connected with अक्षि)•} I.Ā. (P.) see, look; look at, behold (ac., lc.); perceive; contemplate, regard; expect; *prophesy to (d.); cs. ईक्ष-य, cause to look at (ac.).
अधि०, expect; dread.
अनु०, look after.
अप०, look away; have in view, watch for (ac.); expect, wait for; fear; pay regard to, mind; require, presuppose: w. न, not bear to see.
वि‿अप०, pay regard to, mind.
अभि०, look at.
अव०, look at; observe; mark, reflect on, consider; experience; expect, hope for.
अनु‿अव०, meditate; consider, reflect on.
निर्-अव०, consider.
प्रति‿अव०, inspect, examine; enquire after.
सम्-अव०, look at; behold; reflect on; scrutinize; trouble about.
उद्०, look up at, look at; behold; wait; expect.
अभि‿उद्०, look towards.
सम्-उद्०, look up, look towards or at; observe, regard.
उप०, look at; descry; wait for, avail oneself of; overlook, disregard, neglect; conniveat, suffer; not insist on (ac.).
सम्-उप०, disregard, neglect.
निस्०, look about; look at; behold; perceive; consider.
परि०, look round; examine; perceive; cs. cause to be examined.
प्र०, look at, perceive; quietly suffer, say nothing.
अभि-प्र०, look at; behold; perceive.
उत्-प्र०, look up to (listening); look out towards; look back on with longing; expect; use or call figuratively; transfer to (lc.); erroneously consider (2 ac.); wrongly suppose, imagine; impute to (lc.).
वि-प्र०, look hither and thither; contemplate.
सं-प्र०, look at, behold, perceive; consider.
प्रति०, look on; behold, perceive; expect, wait for (gd. प्रतीक्ष्य) = quite gradually); bear with, endure.
सं-प्रति०, gd. waiting = long.
वि०, gaze; look at; perceive; consider; ascertain; discriminate; ps. appear.
अनु-वि०, look round; look towards; behold, perceive; examine.
सम्-अनु-वि०, perceive.
अभि-वि०, look at, perceive.
सम्-अभि-वि०, perceive.
उद्-वि०, look up; look towards or upon; perceive, become aware of.
सम्-उद्-वि०, look at, perceive.
सं-वि०, become aware of.
अभि-सं-वि०, stare at.
सम्०, look at, see, perceive; ascertain; consider.
प्र-सम्०, look at, see, perceive; consider.

√ईङ्ख् — ĪṄKH, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. इङ्खति, इङ्खाञ्-चकार, or ईङ्खति, ईङ्खाञ्-चकार, इङ्खि-तुम् or ईङ्खितुम्; Caus. ईङ्खयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. ईङ्ख, move; cs. ईङ्ख॑य, sway, shake.
प्र०, tremble; cs. swing: Ā. swing oneself.

√ईज् — ĪJ 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. ईजति, ईजाञ्-चकार, ईजितुम् or ईञ्जति, to go; to blame or censure•} I.Ā. ई॑ज-ते, move, drive.
अप०, drive away.

√ईड् — ĪḌ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 2. A. ईट्टे (2nd sing. pres. ईडिषे, Ved. ईऌइषे), ईडाञ्-चक्रे, ईडिष्यते, ऐडिष्ट, ईडितुम्, Ved. ईऌए; Caus. P. ईडयति, यितुम्•} II.Ā. ई॑ट्-टे, praise; beseech (ac.) for (ac., g., d.): pp. ईळित॑, praised.
प्र०, प्रति०, सम्०, praise.

√ईर् — ĪR, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 2. A. ईर्ते, ईराञ्-चक्रे, ईरिष्यति, ऐरिष्ट, ईरितुम्, Ved. inf. इरध्यै; Caus. P. ईरयति, -यितुम्•} II (P.) Ā. ई॑र्-ते, set in motion, stir up; arise, move (int.); come forth, resound; cs. ईर॑य, P. Ā. set in motion, stir; throw; excite; produce; utter; say; proclaim; raise; arise; ps. be called: pp. ईरित॑.
आ०, procure; utter; cs. id.
नि‿आ०, appoint as (2 ac.).
उद्०, rise; arise: pp. उद्-इर्ण, excited, increased; elevated, elated; cs. raise, whirl up; throw, cast; put forth; increase; excite, produce; display; rouse, animate; utter, proclaim, speak; ps. be called, pass for (nm.).
अभि‿उद्०, cs. utter, speak.
सम्-उद्०, cs. raise; throw; excite; utter.
प्र०, move (int.); arise; cs. drive forward, urge; excite; direct (gaze); utter; pass (time).
सं-प्र०, rise together; cs. push forward.
सम्०, put together; cs. id.; move (tr.), produce, create; utter, speak.

√ईर्ष्य् — ĪRṢY, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. ईर्ष्यति, ईर्ष्याञ्-चकार, ईर्ष्यितुम्, or ईर्क्ष्यति; Desid. ईर्ष्यिषिषति or ईर्ष्यियिषति•} I.P. ई॑र्ष्य-ति, envy; be jealous.

√ईश् — ĪŚ, 🔗 {•cl. 2. A. ईष्टे, or Ved. ईशे, ईशञ्-चक्रे, ईशिष्यति, ईशितुम्•} II.Ā. ī̍ṣ-ṭe, possess, own, be master of, rule (ac. or g.); belong to, be due to (g.); be entitled to (g.); be able to (inf., g., or lc.).

√ईष् — ĪṢ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. (with prep. also P.) ईषते, -ति, ईषाञ्-चक्रे or -चकार, and Ved. ईषे, ईषितुम्•} I. ई॑ष, move away, depart from (ab.); leave (ac.).
आ०, rush on.
उद्०, rise up.
सम्-उद्०, id.

√ईह् — ĪH, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. ईहते, ईहाञ्-चक्रे, ईहिष्यते, ईहितुम्, rarely P. ईहति; Caus. ईहयति, -यितुम्•} I.Ā. (P.) ई॑ह, strive after, aim at (ac.), desire to (inf.); undertake; exert oneself: pp. ईहित, aimed at, desired; meant for (lc.).
सम्० = simple verb.

√उ⁴ — U, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. अवते, ऊवे, ओष्यते, औष्ट, ओतुम्, to sound, to make a noise; to roar, bellow: Caus. P. आवयति, -यितुम्, to cause to sound. cl. 5. P., Ved. उनोति, ओतुम्, to animate, ask, demand.•} V.P. उ-णो-ति, call, cry.

√उक्ष्¹ — UKṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. 6. P. A. उक्षति, -ते, उक्षाञ्-चकार (Ved. ववक्ष, -षे), उक्षितुम्•} I. VI. उक्ष॑, sprinkle; Ā. drip: pp. -इत॑, besprinkled, wetted.
अभि०, besprinkle, bedrip.
अनु-परि०, sprinkle around.
प्र०, besprinkle; hallow (for sacrifice); sacrifice.
सं-प्र०, besprinkle; Ā. besprinkle oneself.

√उक्ष्² — UKṢ, {•cl. 1. P., Ved. उक्षति, ववक्ष, and A. ववक्षे, उक्षितुम्; Caus. उक्षयते, -यितुम्•} I.P. उ॑क्ष, grow up, wax strong.

√उच् — UC, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. उच्यति, उवोच, उचिष्यति, उचितुम्•} IV.P. उ॑च्-य, like; be accustomed to: pp. -इत, liking, used to (g., lc., -°); accustomed, well known; proper, suitable; expedient; obliged to (inf.): in. suitably.
सम्०, take pleasure in (in.): pp. used to (gr., -°); suitable for (g.,-°).

√उच्छ् — UCCH, 🔗 🔗v. √वस्¹ VAS, shine.

√उज्झ् — UJJH (ud + hā), 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. उज्झति, उज्झाञ्-चकार, उज्झितुम्•} VI.P. उज्झ, abandon, forsake, quit, leave; give up, let go; let fall; avoid; pp. उज्झित, abandoned, forsaken; free from devoid of (in., -°).
प्र०, avoid; abandon.
सम्०, abandon.

√उञ्छ् — UÑCH, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. 6. P. उञ्छति (cl. 1. and 6. differing only in the accent), उञ्छि-तुम्•} I. VI.P. उञ्छ, glean.
प्र०, wipe out, efface.

उद्¹ — ud, px. (w. vb., N. or a.) up; out.

√उद्² — UD, {•cl. 7. P. उनत्ति, उन्दाञ्-चकार, उन्दिष्यति, औन्दीत्, उन्दितुम्; Caus. उन्दयति, aor. औन्दिदत्; Desid. उन्दि-दिषति•} VII, P. उनत्-ति, well; wet, moisten; pp. उन्न, moistened, wet.
वि०, well forth; moisten.
सम्०, moisten: pp. wetted.

√उन्द् — UND, 🔗 v. √उद् UD.

उप — u̍pa, vb. px. up, higher (esp. with verbs of motion); nl. px. about, near (= approximation); ad. moreover, further; prp. to, towards, near (ac., lc.); *under, less than (ac.); on, in; *above, more than (lc.); with, according to (in.).

√उब्ज् — UBJ, 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. उब्जति, उब्जाञ्-चकार, उब्जिष्यति, औब्जीत्, उब्जितुम्; Desid. उब्जिजिषति•} VI.P. keep down, restrain.

√उभ् — UBH, 🔗 {•cl. 6. 9. 7. P., Ved. उभति or उम्भति, उभ्नाति, उनप्ति, impf. औनप्, उवोभ or उम्भाञ्-चकार, उभितुम् or उम्भितुम्•} VI.P. उम्भ॑, IX.P. उभ्-ना, VII. P. उन॑प्-ति, knit, bind; compress.

√उष्¹ — UṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. ओषति, औषत्, उवोष or ओषाञ्-चकार, ओषिष्यति, औषीत्, ओषि-तुम्; Caus. ओषयति, -यितुम्; Desid. ओषिषिषति•} I.P. उष्-णा, burn (tr.); chastise; destroy.
उप०, प्रति०, scorch, burn up.

√उह् — UH, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. ओहति, उवोह, ओहितुम्•} v. √ऊह् ŪH.

√ऊर्णु — ŪR-ṆU, 🔗 {•cl. 2. P. A. ऊर्णोति and ऊर्णौति, ऊर्णुते, ऊर्णु-नाव, ऊर्णुनुवे, ऊर्णविष्यति, -ते, ऊर्णुविष्यति, -ते, और्णावीत्, और्णवीत्, और्णुवीत्, और्णविष्ट, और्णुविष्ट, ऊर्णवितुम्, ऊर्णुवितुम्; Caus. ऊर्णा-वयति, Aor. और्णुनुवत्; Desid. ऊर्णुनूषति, -ते, ऊर्णुनविषति, -ते, ऊर्णुनुविषति, -ते; Intens. ऊर्णोनूयते, ऊर्णोनवीति, ऊर्णोनौति•} II. -णोति or -णौ॑ति; -णुते॑, surround; envelope: Ā. envelope oneself.
अप०, uncover.
अभि०, cover up, enshroud.
प्र०, envelope.
सं-प्र०, cover completely.
वि०, uncover.

√ऊह्¹ — ŪH, {•cl. 1. P. (with prep. also A.) ऊहति, -ते, औहीत्, ऊहितुम् (This root is connected with rt. वह्; and it is often difficult to decide to which of these two roots forms like ऊढ)•} (often ŭh), 1. ऊ॑ह, expiate; change, modify.
अप०, remove; release; follow close upon (ac.); give up, avoid; deny.
वि‿अप०, remove, destroy.
अभि०, cover over with (in.).
उप०, move up, bring near; ps. approach (time): pp. उपोध, brought near; near; begun; displayed; audible.
सम्-उप०, pp. begun; presented; offering itself.
निस्०, extract; remove: pp. निर्-ऊध, isolated.
प्रति०, interrupt.
वि०, spread out; divide; arrange, draw up in battle array; transpose; dissolve (vowel sandhi): pp. व्यूढ, broad, extensive.
निर्-वि०, bring out; achieve, accomplish.
सम्० and परि-सम्०, bring together.

√ऊह्² — ŪH, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. ऊहति, -ते (Ved. ओहते), ऊहे and ऊहाञ्-चक्रे, ऊहिष्यते, औहिष्ट, ऊहितुम्; Caus. ऊहयति, -यितुम्, Aor. औजिहत्; Desid. ऊजिहिषते•} I.Ā. ओ॑ह, V.; I.P. Ā. ऊह, C. regard, observe; conjecture, suppose; infer; understand.
अपि०, understand; infer.
अभि०, consider; infer.

√ऋ — Ṛ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. 9. (Ved. also 3. 4. 5. P.) ऋच्छति, ऋणाति (Ved. इयर्ति, आर्यते, ऋणोति or ऋण्वति), आर or अराञ्-चकार, अरिष्यति or अरीष्यति (?), आरत्, अर्तुम्, अरितुम् or अरीतुम् (?), (Ved. 3rd pl. impf. रन्त); Caus. अर्पयति, -यितुम्; Intens. Ved. 2nd pers. अलर्षि, 3rd pers. अलर्ति; Intens. Class. अरार्यते; Desid. अरिरिषति•} VI.P. ṛccha̍; V. also III. इ॑यर्-ति, V. ऋणो॑-ति, II. अ॑र्-ति, move; agitate; raise (voice); offer, present; arise; run, flow; fall on; meet; incur, undergo (with abst. nouns); attain, obtain, gain, acquire; cs. अर्प॑य, cast, throw; direct (gaze, thoughts); put or place in or on; fasten insert; present; make over or deliver to; restore.
आ०, inflict on (ac.); fall into (misfortune).
उद्०, agitate; raise; call forth; cs. cause to thrive.
प्र०, cs. arouse.
प्रति०, fasten; deliver; restore, give anew.
वि०, open.
सम्०, put together; hasten together to (ac., lc.); meet with (in.); cs. P. Ā. fasten; insert; point; deliver, hand over; restore; despatch.

√ऋच् — ṚC, 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. ऋचति, आनर्च, अर्चिष्यति, अर्चितुम्, Ved. inf. ऋचसे•} I.P. अ॑र्च, beam, shine; sing; praise; sing hymns (ac.) in praise of (d.); honour, worship; adorn; pp. अर्चित, honoured, highly respected; respectfully presented; cs. अर्चय, cause to beam; honour, worship; salute.
अभि०, sing, praise; duly honour, respectfully salute.
सम्-अभि०, honour, worship; greet.
प्र०, begin to sing; praise.

√ऋछ् — ṚCH, 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. ऋच्छति, आनर्च्छ, अर्च्छितुम्•} VI.P. ऋच्छ॑ (pr. base only), meet with; fall on; incur, fall into; attain; attack, insult.

√ऋज् — ṚJ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. अर्जति, आनर्ज, अर्जितुम्; Caus. अर्जयति, -यितुम्; cl. 1. A. अर्जते, -जितुम्•} I.P. अर्ज, procure; acquire, obtain; cs. P. A. id.
उप०, cs. id.

√ऋद् — ṚD, I.P. अ॑र्द, (V. also ऋद), disperse (int.); agitate, torment; cs. अर्द्-अ॑य, disturb; torment; strike, wound; kill, destroy: pp. अर्दित.

√ऋध् — ṚDH, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 4. 5. 7. P. ऋध्यति, ऋध्नोति, ऋणद्धि (and in some forms cl. 2, as pres. 2nd du. ऋधाथे, pot. 1st pl. ऋध्याम, impf. 1st pl. आर्ध्म), आनर्ध, अर्धिष्यति, आर्धीत्, अर्धितुम्; Caus. अर्धयति, -यितुम्; Desid. ईर्त्सति•} IV.P. ऋध्य; V.P. ऋध्-नो॑-ति; V. also VII. रि-न्अ॑-ध्, thrive, prosper; further; accomplish; ps. ऋध्य, thrive; be brought about; pp. ऋद्ध, prosperous, thriving; wealthy; rich (vice).
अनु०, fulfil.
सम्०, thrive; ps. be fulfilled; succeed; participate in (in.): pp. स॑म्-ऋद्ध, fulfilled; perfect; rich, wealthy; plenteous, abundant, much: supplied or furnished with (in., ab., -°); cs. fulfil; supply with (in.).

√ऋष्¹ — ṚṢ, {•cl. 1. P. अर्षति, आनर्ष, अर्षितुम्•} I.P. अ॑र्ष, flow, glide.
अभि०, flow towards (ac.).

√ऋष्² — ṚṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. ऋषति, आनर्ष, अर्षिष्यति, आर्षीत्, अर्षितुम्•} VI.P. ऋष॑, pierce, push, thrust.
नि०, put in; conceal; fill: pp. न्यृष्ट, filled or abounding with (in.).

√एज् — EJ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. एजति, -ते, एजाञ्-चक्रे, एजिष्यति, एजितुम्; Caus. एजयति, -यितुम्; Desid. एजिजिषति•} I.P. ए॑ज, stir, move; quake, tremble.
सम्०, move.

√एध् — EDH, 🔗 {•(connected with rt. ऋध्); cl. 1. A. (rarely P.) एधते, एधाञ्-चक्रे, एधिष्यते, ऐधिष्ट, एधितुम्; Caus. एधयति, -यितुम्; Desid. एदिधिषते•} I.Ā. (P.) ए॑ध, prosper; flourish; grow: pp. -इत, grown up, strengthened; filled with (in.); cs. -अय, cause to prosper; glorify.
सम्०, ad.

√एष् — EṢ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. एच्छति, ऐषि-तुम् or -ष्टुम्, to wish, desire. cl. 1. P. A., Ved. एषति, -ते, एषितुम्, to hasten near to or towards•} I.P. ए॑ष, creep, glide.

 का   कृप   कृ   कृत   कॄ   क्र   क्री 

√कट्ट् — KAṬṬ, 🔗 🔗 {•कट् or कण्ट्, cl. 1. P. कटति or कण्टति, -टितुम्, to go. cl. 1. P. कटति, चकाट, कटि-तुम्, to rain; surround; to encompass, to cover or screen. •} X.P. कट्टय, heap (corn).

√कत्थ् — KATTH, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. कत्थते, -थितुम्•} I.Ā. (P.) boast; praise; blame, disparage.
वि०, boast (of, in.); disparage, humble with (in.; cs. humble; boast.

√कन् — KAN, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P., Ved. कनति, चकान, अकानीत्, कन्तुम् (of the simple root only the aor. is used); Intens. चाकन्ति, impf. चाकन्, perf. चाकन and चके•} I.P. be satisfied; be pleased with (ac.); shine.

√कम्³ — KAM, 🔗 {•A. (not used in the conjugational tenses) चकमे, कमिष्यते, अचकमत, कमितुम्; Caus. A. (ep. also P.) कामयते, -ति, कामयाञ्-चक्रे, कामयिष्यते, अचीकमत, कामयि-तुम्; Desid. चिकमिषते and चिकामयिषते; Intens. चङ्कम्यते•} (no pres. base), wish, desire; love: pp. कान्त; cs. कामय, Ā. (P.) id.; excite to love: pp. कामित, desired.
अनु०, cs. desire.
अभि०, cs. be in love.

√कम्प् — KAMP, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. (ep. also P.) कम्पते, कम्पति, चकम्पे, कम्पिष्यते, अकम्पिष्ट, कम्पितुम्; Caus. P. कम्पयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिकम्पिषते; Intens. चङ्कम्प्यते, चङ्कम्प्ति•} I.Ā. (P.) क॑म्प, tremble; cs. कम्पय, cause to tremble, shake.
अनु०, sympathise with (ac., lc.); cs. id. सम्-अनु०, id.
आ०, quiver; cs. cause to tremble: pp. agitated.
उद्०, tremble.
वि०, tremble, quiver; cs. cause to tremble, agitate.

√कल् — KAL, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. कलते, -लितुम्, to sound; to count. cl. 10. P. कालयति, -यितुम्. cl. 10. P. कलयति, -यितुम्, to impel, etc.•} X.P. (Ā.) कलय; E. generally कालय, impel, urge, drive; hold, bear; do, perform, utter; attach, fasten; observe, regard; reflect; believe in; consider, recognise as (2 ac.): pp. कलित, furnished with (-°).
आ०, shake, toss; hold fast; fasten; perceive; examine; neglect; believe in; regard as (2 ac.).
प्रति‿आ०, count up, enumerate.
उद्०, pp. उत्क-लित, opened, flowering.
परि०, devour; regard as.
सम्०, be of opinion.
उत्-सम्०, pp. urged, commissioned.

√कल्प् — KALP, v. √कॢप् KḶP.

√कष् — KAṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. कषति, -ते, चका-ष, कषिष्यति, अकषीत् and अकाषीत्, कषितुम्, cl. 10. P. काषयति, -यितुम्•} I. कष, rub, scrape, scratch.

√कस् — KAS, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. कसति, चकास, कसि-तुम्; Intens. चनीकसीति, चनीकस्यते•} I. beam.
निस्०, cs. निष्कासय, drive out.
वि०, burst, open, blossom; beam (with joy); spread out, extend.
प्र-वि०, open: pp. -इत, open, blossoming; cs. cause to open or flower.

√काङ्क्ष् — KĀṄKṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. काङ्क्षति, चकाङ्क्ष, ep. also A. काङ्क्षते, &c., काङ्क्षितुम्; Caus. काङ्क्षयति, अचकाङ्क्षत्; Desid. चिकाङ्क्षिषति; Intens. चा-काङ्क्ष्यते and चाकांष्टि•} I. काङ्क्ष, desire, long for, strive after; expect, wait for (ac.): pp. -इत.
अभि०, long for: pp. wished for, desired.
आ०, desire, want; strive for; wait for (ac.), seek (g.), turn towards (ac.); require as a complement (gr.).

√काश् — KĀŚ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. and 4. A. काशते and काश्यते, चकाशे or काशामास, काशिष्यते, अकाशिष्ट, काशितुम्; Caus. काशयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिकाशिषते; Intens. चाकशीति and चाकाश्यते•} I.Ā. (P.) be visible, appear; shine: pp. -इत, shining, bright; intv. चाकश्, shine brightly.
निस्०, cs. show; turn or drive out.
प्र०, appear, become manifest; shine; cs. make visible, show, display; announce; illumine.
वि०, intv. illuminate.

√कास् — KĀS, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. कासते, चकासे or कासामास, कासिष्यते, अकासिष्ट, कासि-तुम्; Caus. कासयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिकासिषते; Intens. चाकास्यते, चाकास्ति•} I.Ā. cough.

√किर्¹ — KIR, kira̍ti etc., v. √°कॄ KṜ, scatter.

√कु¹ — KU, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 2. P. or cl. 1. A., Ved. कौति or कवीति, कवते, चुकाव, चुकुवे, कोतुम् or कवीतुम् (?); Caus. कावयति; Desid. चुकूषति, -ते; Intens. चोकूयते and कोकूयते, to cry aloud. कु or कू, cl. 6. A. कुवते, चुकुवे, कुतुम् or कुवितुम्; Intens. चोकूयते, to cry, make a noise; to moan or groan•} v. √कू KŪ.

√कुच् — KUC, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. 1. P. कुचति, कोचति, चुकोच, कुचितुम् or कोचितुम्•} VI.P. कुच, √कुञ्च् KUÑC, 🔗VI. Ā. कुञ्चm contract, bend (int.): pp. -इत, contracted; bent, curved; curly; cs. कुञ्चय, crisp, curl.
आ०, pp. bent; drawn in; contracted; curly.
सम्-आ०, cs. pp. contracted, oblique; suppressed.
उद्०, cs. pp. उत्कोचित, blossoming.
वि०, pp. विकुञ्चित, contracted; curly.
सम्०, contract, close: pp. संकुच्-इत, contracted, closed; cowering; dejected, disconcerted; cs. संकोचय, contract; reduce, diminish.

√कुञ्ज् — KUÑJ, {•cl. 1. P. कुञ्जति, -जितुम्, to murmur, = कूज्•} I.P. rustle, roar.

√कुट् — KUṬ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. कुटति, चुकोट, कुटि-ष्यति, अकुटीत्, कुटितुम्, to be or become crooked or curved; to bend, curve, curl; to make crooked; to be dishonest, cheat or deceive. cl. 4. P. कुट्यति, or cl. 10. A. कोटयते, -यितुम्, to break to pieces, tear asunder, divide; to speak indistinctly; to be warm, burn; Caus. कोटयति; Desid. चुकुटि-षति; Intens. चोकुट्यते•} divide, break up.

√कुट्ट् — KUṬṬ, 🔗 🔗 X.P. कुट्टय, crush, bruise.
वि०, lacerate.

√कुड् — KUḌ, 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. कुडति, चुकोड, कुडितुम्, to play or act as a child, to trifle; to eat; to heap; to plunge under water, be immersed. cl. 1. P. कुण्डति, to mutilate; cl. 1. A. कुण्डते, -डितुम्, to burn; cl. 10. P. कुण्डयति, -यितुम्, to protect•} √कुण्ड् KUṆḌ, 🔗 🔗 🔗encircle.

√कुण्ठ् — KUṆṬH, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. कुण्ठति, -ठितुम्, to be lame or mutilated, to be blunted or dulled; to be lazy or stupid. cl. 10. P. कुण्ठयति, यितुम्, to cover, conceal•} pp. -इत, blunted, blunt; relaxed, jaded; ineffectual; dull.
वि०, pp. blunted.

√कुथ् — KUTH, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. कुथ्यति, चुकोथ, अकोथीत्, कोथिष्यति, कोथितुम्; Caus. P. कोथयति, -यितुम्•} stink: pp. -इत, fetid; cs. कोथय, cause to putrefy.

√कुप् — KUP, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. (ep. also A.) कुप्यति, -ते, चुकोप, कोपिष्यति, अकुपत्, कोपि-तुम्; Caus. कोपयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चुकुपिषति and चुकोपिषति; Intens. चोकुप्यते, चोकोप्ति•} IV. कुप्य, become agitated; grow angry, be angry with (d., g.), conflict with (g.): pp. -इत, angered; angry with (g. or upari); cs. कोप॑य, agitate, excite, provoke.
उद्०, cs. excite, produce.
प्र०, become agitated or angry: pp. angry with (lc. or prati); cs. provoke, enrage.
सम्०, cs. rage along.

√कुभ् — KUBH, कुम्भ् KUMBH, {•cl. 10. P. कुम्भयति, -यितुम्, another form for कुम्ब 🔗 🔗 cl. 6. and 10. P. कुम्बति and कुम्बयति, -यितुम्, to cover (cf. कुम्प् and कुम्भ् 🔗)•} be curved.

√कुश् — KUŚ, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. कुश्यति, to embrace, enfold; (a various reading for कुस्)•} enclose, encircle.

√कुष् — KUṢ, 🔗 {•9. P. कुष्णाति, चुकोष, कोषिष्यति, अकोषीत्, कोषितुम्; Pass. कुष्यति and कुष्यते; Caus. कोषयति; Desid. चुकोषि-षति and चुकुषिषति; Intens. चोकुष्यते, चो-कोष्टि•} VI. कुष, IX.P. कुष्णा, pinch, tear.
निस्०, tear out: pp. निष्-कुषित, torn out.

√कू — KŪ, 🔗 {•cl. 2. P. कौति, कवीति, or cl. 1. A. कवते, or cl. 6. A. कुवते, or cl. 9. P. A. कूनाति, -नीते, or कुनाति, -नीते, चुकाव; Caus. कावयति; Desid. चुकूषति, -ते; Intens. चोकूयते or कोकूयते•} VI.Ā. कुव, cry.
आ०, intend.

√कूज् — KŪJ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. कूजति, चुकूज, कूजितुम्; Caus. कूजयति; Desid. चुकूजिषति; Intens. चोकूज्यते, चोकूक्ति•} I.P. कू॑ज, utter monotonous sounds; cry, hum, coo, buzz, murmur, twitter.
उद्०, cry, utter a (monotonous) coo; lament, wail.
वि०, cry, twitter.
सम्०, id.

√कूड् — KŪḌ, {•cl. 6. P. कूडति, -डितुम्•} X.P. कूडय, singe, scorch.

√कूण् — KŪṆ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 10. P. A. कूणयति, -ते, -यितुम्•} कूणति, contract (int.): pp. -इत, contracted, closed.

√कूर्द् — KŪRD, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. कूर्दति, -ते, चुकूर्दे, कूर्दिष्यते, अकूर्दिष्ट, कूर्दितुम्•} I. कूर्द, leap.
उद्०, leap up.
प्र०, bound.

√कूल् — KŪL, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. कूलति, -लितुम्, to cover, hide, screen, protect; to enclose; to keep off, obstruct•} X.P. कूलय, singe (cp. kūḍ).

√कृ¹ — KṚ, 🔗 🔗 {•The conjugational tenses are formed in the Veda according to four different methods, as follows:
I) According to the rule for cl. 2, Pres. 2nd sing. P. कर्षि, du. कृथस्, pl. कृथ; A. कृषे; Impf. 2nd sing. P. अकर्, 3rd अकर् and अकत्; 3rd du. अकर्ताम्; pl. अकर्म, अकर्त, अक्रन्; A. अक्रि, अकृथास्, अकृत, अक्राताम्, अक्रत; Impv. P. कृधि, कृतम्, कृत; A. कृष्व, कृध्वम्; Leṭ, 2nd and 3rd sing. कर्, pl. कर्म, कर्त and कर्तन, क्रन्; A. 3rd sing. कृत; 3rd pl. क्रन्त; Pot. क्रियाम; Part. nom. pl. m. क्रन्तस्; A. क्राण.
II) According to the rule for cl. 1. Pres. P. करसि, करति, करथस्, करतस्, करन्ति; A. करसे, करते, करामहे; Impf. अकरम्, अकरस्, अकरत्; Impf. कर, करतम्, करताम्; Leṭ, करम्, कराणि, करस्, करत्, कराम, करन्; A. करामहै; Part. करन्ती.
III) According to the rule for cl. 5, Pres. P. कृणोमि, &c.; A. कृण्वे, du. कृण्वैते; Impf. P. अकृणवम्, &c., 2nd pl. अकृणुत and अकृणो-तन; A. 3rd sing. अकृणुत; Impv. P. कृणु or कृणुहि or कृणुतात्, कृणोतु; कृणुतम्, कृणुताम्; कृणुत or कृणोत or कृणोतन; कृण्वन्तु; A. कृणुष्व, कृणुताम्, कृण्वाथाम्, कृणुध्वम्; Leṭ, कृणवस्, कृणवत् and कृणवात्, कृणवाव, कृणवाम, कृणवाथ, कृणवथ, कृणवन्; A. कृणवै, कृणवसे, कृणवते, कृणवावहै, कृणवामहै, 3rd pl. कृणवन्त or कृणवन्ते or कृण्वत; Pot. A. कृण्वीत; Part. P. कृण्वत्, A. कृण्वान.
IV) According to the rule for cl. 8, (this is the usual formation in the Brāhmaṇas, Sūtras, and in classical Sanskṛt), Pres. P. करोमि (ep. कुर्मि), करोषि, &c., कुर्मस्; A. कुर्वे; Impf. P. अकरवम्; A. 3rd sing. अकुरुत; Impv. P. कुरु, करोतु (in the earlier language for 2nd and 3rd sing. कुरुतात्), कुरुत or कुरुतन; A. कुरुष्व, कुरुध्वम्, कुर्वताम्; Leṭ, P. करवाणि, करवस्, करवात्, &c.; A. करवै, कुरुथास्, करवावहै (ep. करवावहे), करवैथे, करवैते, करवामहै (ep. करवा-महे); Pot. P. कुर्याम्, A. कुर्वीय; Part. P. कुर्वत्, A. कुर्वाण; Perf. P. चकार, चकर्थ, &c.; A. चक्रे, &c.; Part. P. चकृवस् (Acc. sing. Ved. चक्रुषम्); A. चक्राण; 2nd Fut. करिष्यति; Leṭ, 2nd sing. करिष्यास्; 1st Fut. कर्ता; Prec. क्रियासम्; Aor. P., Ved. चकरम्, अचक्रिरन्, अचक्रत्; A. कृषे; Class. अकार्षीत् (poet. अका-रषीत्); Pass. Aor. reflex. अकारि and अकृत; Inf. कर्तुम्; Ved. कर्तवे, कर्तवै, कर्तोस्; Ind. Part. कृत्वा, Ved. कृत्वी and कृत्वाय;
Caus. कारयति, -ते, -यितुम्; Desid. चिकीर्षति, -ते; Intens. चर्कर्ति, चरिकर्ति, चरीकर्ति, चर्करीति, चरिकरीति, चरीकरीति, चेक्रीयते, Ved. 3rd pl. करिक्रति•}
(स्कृ after उप, परि, सम्), VIII. क॑रो strong, कुरु weak; V. + I. क॑र, II. क॑र्, V. कृणो॑; make, do; fashion, build; perform, fulfil; produce; execute; effect; conclude (friendship), display, show, exercise; prepare, cook; compose; cultivate; make anything out of (in., ab.); do anything to or for (g., lc.); make any one anything 2 ac.; do violence to (ac.); perform the usual action with (ac.); used thus with great latitude, e.g. उदकंकृ, offer the usual oblation of water (allied with this is the use of kṛ in the periphr. pf. with an abst. N. in आ); utter, pronounce, use; describe; fix, determine; pass (time); await (a moment); procure for (g., lc.); assume (shape, voice: Ā,); place or in, direct to (in., lc.), turn, the mind or thoughts, give the heart (मनस्, बुद्धिम्, मतिम्, भावम्) to, resolve on (d., lc., inf. or oratio recta with इति); appoint to (lc.); commission; act, fare; sacrifice; do anything with, make use of (in. and किम्?); avail, be of use (with किम्?); with adverbs in ई (e.g. अतिथी -), ऊ (e.g. मृदू -), make turn into; with -सात्, reduce to, turn into; वशे कृ, subdue; हृदि -, take to heart, remember; हृदयेन -, love; एवं कृत्वा, for this reason; तथा-, यथा‿उक्तम्-, do so, consent; cs. कारय, cause to make (2 ac.), cause to be made by (in.); cause to be prepared; cause to be made (2) ac.); cause to be placed in (lc.); cause to be performed; cause to be cultivated; - to be put or buried; order to make, - to prepare, - to practise: often = simple verb; des. चिकीष, wish to do, - perform, - establish; intend; strive after.
अति०, transgress.
अधि०, place the head of, appoint to (lc.); put forward, make a subject of discussion: pp. entrusted with, appointed to (lc., -°); concerned in (lc.).
अनु०, imitate (ac.); equal, rival (ac., g.), equal (ac.) in (in.).
अप०, take away, remove; injure (ac., g., lc.); cs. id.
प्रति‿अप०, take vengeance on (g.).
अभि०, do, make; des. wish to do, undertake.
अरम्०, prepare; serve, satisfy (d.).
अलम्०, prepare, produce; adorn (Ā. adorn oneself); do violence to (g.).
अभि०, उप०, adorn, सम्-अलम्, id.; violate.
अव०, direct downwards.
आ०, bring hither; produce; appropriate (g.); cs. call; ask for (2 ac.); des. intend to perform.
अप‿आ०, remove, drive away, dispel, counteract, repel; give up, desist from; pay.
उप‿आ०, bring near, fetch; deliver; grant; prepare for a sacred rite; consecrate.
नि‿आ०, keep back.
निर्-आ०, set apart; put away, remove; drive away; reject, repel; deny.
वि‿आ०, separate, distinguish; explain.
सम्-आ०, unite, keep together.
उप०, confer; offer, present; serve, do a service to, oblige (g., lc.); Ā. cherish.
उप-स्कृ, prepare, compose; equip, adorn; care for (ac.): pp. furnished with (in.).
प्रति‿उप०, repay; do a service in return.
नि०, bring down, humble, overcome: pp. humbled; dejected; mortified.
वि-नि०, mortify; injure; defraud.
निस्०, remove; prepare; deck out; cure; expiate.
परि-ष्कृ, prepare; adorn, deck, furnish with (in.).
पुरस्, place in front; show, display; appoint to (lc.); choose, prefer; honour; gd. -कृत्य, regarding, about, on account of (ac.): pp. accompanied by, furnished with (-°): -म्, ad. accompanied with (-°).
प्र०, do; fashion, make; perform; show, cause; make into (2 ac.); marry (a wife, a girl); violate, pollute (a girl); appoint to (lc.); put forward; make the subject of discussion; बुद्धिम् or मनस् -, apply one's heart to, make up one's mind to (d., lc.), resolve: pp. begun; accomplished; mentioned, under discussion; in question; cs. cause to prepare.
वि-प्र०, injure; harass; obstruct.
प्रति०, make (ac.) out of (ac.) in opposition; repay (good and evil) with ac. of thing and d., g., lc. of person; resist; make good, repair; pay; des. wish to take revenge on (ac., lc.) for (ac.).
वि०, make different, change, alter; compare; disfigure, destroy, mutilate; develop; be hostile to (g., lc.); become unfaithful to (lc.); Ā, ps. be changed or modified; become alienated or disloyal: pp. changed, altered, qualified; mutilated, deformed, disfigured; unnatural, repulsive: cs. cause to change one's sentiments.
प्र-वि० (for वि-प्र०): pp. sinned.
सम्० (generally -स्कृ), put together, unite; accumulate; prepare; invest (with the sacred thread); hallow (a girl at a wedding or the dead with sacred fires); adorn, polish, form grammatically: pp. सं-स्कृत, hallowed, invested; adorned, polished, elaborate, refined, Sanskrit.
प्रति-सम्०, repair.

√कृ² — KṚ, {•cl. 3. P., Ved. चकर्ति, अकारीत्, Intens. चर्कर्ति; cf. कारु, कीरि, कीर्ति•} pt. चक्र॑त्, intv. चर्-कृ, remember, mention with praise (g.).

√कृत्¹ — KṚT, 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. कृन्तति, चकर्त, कर्त्स्यति and कर्तिष्यति, अकर्तीत्, कर्तितुम्; Caus. कर्तयति; Desid. चिकर्तिषति and चिकृत्सति; Intens. चरीकृत्यते, चरीकर्त्ति•} VI.P. कृनत॑ (E. also Ā. and I. P. कर्त), cut, cut off, out, up or down; extract; cleave: pp. कृत्त, cut; cut, torn or hewn off; cs. = simple vb.
अव०, cut off; sever; cs. cause to be gashed.
उद्०, cut out, off or up; cut to pieces; destroy.
नि०, put to the sword; cut down or away, tear away; Ā, cut one's nails.
परि०, cut all round; cut off or exclude from (ab.); Ā. split round.
वि०, divide, rend; cs. id.

√कृत्² — KṚT, 🔗 {•cl. 7. P. कृणत्ति, चकर्त, कर्तिष्यति, कर्तितुम्•} VII.P. कृण॑त्ति, spin.

√कृप् — KṚP, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•(connected with rt. क्रप्): cl. 1. A. कर्पते, to have pity or mercy on; cl. 10. P. कृपयति or कृपापयति, -यितुम्•} VI.Ā. कृपते, (V.) lament (for, ac.); implore.
अनु०, long for (ac.).

√कृश् — KṚŚ, 🔗 IV.P. कृ॑श्य, grow thin; cs. कर्शय, make thin; diminish; pp. कर्श्-इत, emaciated.

√कृष्¹ — KṚṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. कर्षति, चकर्ष, कर्क्ष्यति and क्रक्ष्यति, अकृक्षत्, अकार्क्षीत् and अक्राक्षीत्, कर्ष्टुम् and क्रष्टुम्; Caus. कर्षयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिकृक्षति, -ते; Intens. चरीकृष्यते, चरीकर्ष्टि or चरी-क्रष्टि•} I.P. (Ā.) क॑र्ष, draw, drag along, pull about, carry away; draw (sword, bow); lead; acquire; overcome; plough: pp. कृष्ट; cs. कर्षय, pull, drag; harass, distress.
अनु०, drag after one; attract; supply (a word) from what precedes.
अप०, draw away, remove, put aside; supply from what follows.
वि‿अप०, remove; atone for.
अव०, draw away; attract: pp. inferior.
आ०, draw to oneself; drag along; draw (sword or bow); draw on; draw off from (ab.); withdraw; take or borrow from (ab.); cs. draw to oneself.
अप‿आ०, withdraw, remove: pp. humbled.
वि‿आ०, draw to oneself; remove.
सम्-आ०, draw to oneself; draw out (of, ab.); cs. carry along.
उद्०, draw out; raise; ps. rise, gain the mastery: pp. elevated; superior, distinguished, eminent.
नि०, draw down; ps. be carried down stream: pp. low, despised, mean.
सं-नि०, ps. come into close contact (with, in.): pp. near, imminent; of similar position; gd. approaching.
निस्०, draw out of (ab.); press out.
परि०, drag about; torment.
प्र०, draw forward, drag away, stretch out: pp. protracted, long (distance and time); distinguished, excellent; violent.
वि-प्र०, lead away, remove: pp. distant.
सं-प्र०, draw-along with one.
प्रति०, pp. pushed back.
वि०, draw apart; draw (bow); drag along; pull out; withdraw.
सम्०, contract; drag along; get out of (ab.).

√कृष्² — KṚṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. A. कृषति, -ते•} VI. कृष॑, plough.

√कॄ — KṜ, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. किरति, चकार, करिष्यति and करीष्यति, अकारीत्, करितुम् and करीतुम्, to pour out, scatter, throw, cast, disperse; to strew, pour over, fill with, cover with: Caus. कारयति; Desid. चिकरिषति; Intens. चेकीर्यते, चाकर्ति. cl. 5. and 9. P. A. कृणोति, -णुते, कृणाति, -णीते, चकार, चकरे and चक्रे, करिष्यति, -ते, अकरीष्ट, अकरिष्ट, अकीर्ष्ट, करितुम्, करीतुम्, कर्तुम्, to hurt, injure, kill. cl. 10. A. कारयते, -यितुम्, to know, inform (an incorrect form for गॄ)•} VI.P. किर॑, pour out, scatter; bestrew: pp. कीर्ण, scattered; bestrewed; dishevelled; covered, filled with; stopped (ears).
अप-स्किर, Ā. scrap (with the feet).
अव०, pour down, scatter; emit semen; bestrew, cover: pp. bestrewed, covered; caught in; having emitted semen; full of, being wholly in the power of (-°).
अनु‿अव०, scatter about.
आ०, strew, bestow abundantly: pp. strewn; covered, filled, crowded; surrounded by (in.).
अप‿आ०, abandon; refuse.
वि‿आ०, pp. dishevelled; dim.
सम्-आ०, cover over, fill up: pp. covered or filled with.
उद्०, throw or whirl up; dig up, hollow out: pp. carved, engraved; overwhelmed with (-°).
सम्-उद्०, pp. pierced.
वि-नि०, shatter; cover; abandon.
सं-नि०, pp. stretched out.
परि०, scatter round; swarm round; deliver up.
प्र०, scatter: pp. dispersed; squandered; dishevelled; confused; various.
वि-प्र०, pp. scattered; dishevelled; extended.
प्रति-स्किर, lacerate: pp. स्कीर्ण, injured.
वि०, scatter, disperse; cleave, split; bestrew; heave (sighs); dishevel.
प्र-वि०, scatter, spread.
सम्०, pour out, bestow abundantly; overwhelm; mix: pp. crowded with, full of; mixed, combined with (-°); impure; born of a mixed marriage; in rut (elephant).

√कॢप् — KḶP, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. (and in Fut., Cond., and Aor. also P.) कल्पते, चकॢपे, कल्पि-ष्यते and कल्प्स्यति, अकल्पिष्ट, अकॢप्त and अकॢपत्, कल्पितुम् and कल्प्तुम्; Caus. P. A. कल्पयति, -ते, Aor. अचीकॢपत्, Ved. चाकॢपत्, चीकॢपाति; Desid. चिकॢप्सति and चिकल्पिषते; Intens. चली- or चलि- or चल्कल्प्यते, चल्कल्प्ति•} I. Ā, क॑ल्प, be fit, capable or of use; prosper. succeed; agree with, conform to (in.); appear as (in.); be qualified for (lc.); serve for, conduce to, cause (d.); participate in (d.); fall to the lot of (d., g., lc.); become (nm., d.); pronounce to be, regard as (2 ac.): pp. कॢप्त॑, arranged, ready, prepared; trimmed, cut (hair, nails, etc.); settled; prescribed; firm (conviction); existing; cs. कल्प॑य, P. Ā, put in order, arrange, adjust; distribute; equip; furnish with (in.); bestow (ac.). on (g.); form (out of, in.); make, create, produce, bring about, perform; imagine; determine, direct, fix; make, design to be, regard as (2 ac.); cut, carve.
अव०, be right, do very well; conduce to (do.); cs. prepare; employ properly; des. of cs. चिकल्पयिष, wish to prepare.
उप०, be suitable, serve for, conduce to (d.); pp. prepared., at jamd; cs. prepared; procure, fetch; direct to (lc.); design for (d., lc.).
परि०, cs. determine; design for; choose; bring about, manage; perform; make; divide into (with ad. in -dhā) parts; invent.
सं-परि०, cs. pp. found out -, made out to be.
प्र०, prosper, succeed: pp. prepared; determined, prescribed; cs. place in front; put down on (lc.); prepare; provide; determine, prescribe, establish; contrive, arrange, make; shed (tears.).
सं-प्र०, cs. appoint; determine.
वि०, be changed; be mistaken for (in.); be optional; be doubtful; be irresolute; cs. fashion, form; consider doubtful, pronounce optional; suppose, imagine, presume.
सम्०, pp. prepared, ready; desired; meant for; cs. join with (in.); put together properly; produce; determine; intend, purpose; fancy; regard as (ac. w. iva).

√क्नूय् — KNŪY, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. क्नूयते, चुक्नूये, क्नूयितुम्; Caus. P. क्नोपयति, अचुक्नुपत्, यितुम्•} only cs. क्नोपय, P. drench.
अभि०, wet, moisten.

√क्रक्ष् — KRAKṢ, only pr. pt. क्र॑क्षमान, (V.) raging, roaring.

√क्रथ् — KRATH, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. क्रथति, -थितुम्, to hurt, kill; cl. 10. P. क्राथयति, -यितुम्, to hurt, injure, kill (with gen. of the person); to amuse, to delight repeatedly; (cf. क्नथ् and क्लथ्)•} only cs. क्राथय, P. be extravagant or wild.

√क्रन्द् — KRAND, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•क्रन्द् or क्रद्, cl. 1. P. A. क्रन्दति, -ते, or क्रदते, चक्रन्द, चक्रदे, क्रन्दिष्यति, -ते, अक्रन्दीत् (Ved. Aor. अक्रन्), क्रन्दितुम्, to neigh (as a horse); to creak (as a wheel); to cry piteously; Caus. क्रन्दयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिक्रन्दिषति, -ते; Intens. चाक्रन्द्यते, चाक्रन्ति, Ved. कनिक्रन्ति (part. कनिक्रदत्, कनिक्रद्यमान)•} I. kra̍nda, neigh, roar; wail; resound, rattle; implore piteously (ac.); cs. क्रन्दय, P. cause to neigh etc. or = simple vb.; intv. क॑निक्रन्त्-ति, -ते: pt. क॑नि-क्रत्, क॑निक्रदत्, कनिक्रद्य॑मान, = simple vb.
अच्छा०, cs. cry to.
अभि०, roar (at).
आ०, call on, invoke; cry piteously; invoke the aid of (ac.); cs. cry out to.

√क्रप् — KRAP, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. क्रपते, चक्रपे, क्रपिष्यते, अक्रपिष्ट, क्रपितुम्•} v. √कृप् KṚP.

√क्रम् — KRAM, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A., 4. P. क्रामति (ep. also क्रमति), क्रमते (ep. also क्रामते), क्राम्यति and क्रम्यति (?), चक्राम, चक्रमे, क्रमिता, क्रमिष्यति and क्रंस्यते, अक्रमीत् and अक्रंस्त, क्रमितुम् (according to some also क्रान्तुम्); Caus. क्रमयति, -यितुम्; क्रमयति or क्रामयति; Intens. चङ्क्रम्यते or चङ्क्रन्ति; Desid. चिक्रमिषति, चिक्रं-सते•} I. क्रा॑म-ति (-ते), क्रम-ते (-ति), stride, step; go to (ac. or lc.); take refuge with (lc.); pass through, traverse; tower above; take possession of, occupy, fill; Ā, succeed, take effect: pp. क्रान्त; cs. क्रा̆म्-अय, cause to step; intv. चङ्क्रमते, चङ्क्रम्यते, चङ्क्रमीति, walk about.
अति०, pass by, go beyond, traverse, cross; overstep, neglect; depart from (ab.); be deprived of (ab.); pass, elapse; exceed, surpass; trespass, transgress; cs. allow to pass by; disregard.
अभि‿अति०, overcome.
वि‿अति०, overstep; pass by (of time), elapse; neglect, trespass; wrongly surrender oneself to (ac.).
सम्-अति०, id.
अनु०, follow, go through in order. enumerate; particularize; state in an index.
अप०, go away, depart, retreat from (ab.).
अव०, depart, withdraw; escape.
आ०, come up, approach, enter; step on (ac., lc.); press upon (ac.); seize, attack; gain possession of; occupy, overspread; rise, ascend (Ā.); begin (inf.): pp. see s. v.; cs. cause to enter.
अधि‿आ०, fall upon; choose, occupy.
निर्-आ०, issue forth (from ab.).
प्रति‿आ०, step back.
सम्-आ०, step upon (ac.); assail, take possession of; occupy.
उद्०, rise; go out; leave (ab.); depart (life); avoid.
प्रति‿उद्०, depart.
वि‿उद्०, overstep; pass over, neglect.
उप०, come up, approach (ac., lc.); treat; physic; perform; begin (ac., d., inf.).
सम्-उप०, A. begin (inf.).
निस्०, go out of, leave (ab.); depart: pp. निष्-क्रान्त, = exit, exeunt; cs. cause to leave, let out of (ab.); drive out.
अभि-निस्०, go out of (ab.).
वि-निस्०, step out, emerge from (ab.).
परा०, stride forth, be valorous, put forth one's strength, do one's best.
परि०, walk about (esp. on the stage); traverse, visit; surround; overtake.
अनु-परि०, inspect in turn.
सं-परि०, walk round (ac.); visit.
प्र०, stride forth, set out; Ā, begin, undertake.
वि०, stride along; go aside; traverse; rise to (ac.); assail courageously; be valorous; fight with (ac.): pp. courageous, valorous, brave.
सम्०, come together, unite; go to; enter; pass from (ab.) to (lc.): pp. transferred from (ab.) to (-°); cs. lead to (2 ac.); transfer to (lc.).
उप-सम्०, approach.

√क्री — KRĪ, 🔗 {•cl. 9. P. A. क्रीणाति, क्रीणीते, चिक्राय, चिक्रिये, क्रेष्यति, -ते, अक्रैषीत्, अक्रेष्ट, क्रेतुम्; Caus. क्रापयति, -यितुम्, अचि-क्रपत्; Desid. चिक्रीषति, -ते; Intens. चेक्रीयते, चेक्रयीति, चेक्रेति•} IX. क्री-ण॑, इणी, buy from (ab., g.) for (in.: price): pp. bought, purchased; captivated by (in.).
आ०, उप०, id.
निस्०, buy off, redeem (from, ab.).
परि०, buy, barter, for (in.); hire (in. or a. of price).
वि०, barter or sell for (in.); des. वि-चिक्री-ष, Ā. wish to exchange for (in.); intend to give up.

√क्रीड् — KRĪḌ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. (ep. also A.) क्रीडति, चिक्रीड, क्रीडिष्यति, अक्रीडीत्, क्रीडितुम्; Caus. क्रीडयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिक्रीडिषति; Intens. चेक्रीड्यते, चेक्रीट्टि•} I. क्री॑ड, V. क्री॑ळ, play, jest, dally (with, in. ± saha, samam, or sārdham); gamble; dance about (dice).
परि०, play, jest (A.).
प्र०, begin to play, enjoy oneself.
वि०, play, jest.

√क्रु — KRU, be rough or raw.

√क्रुध् — KRUDH, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. (rarely A.) क्रुध्यति, -ते, चुक्रोध, क्रोत्स्यति, अक्रुधत्, क्रोद्धुम्; Caus. क्रोधयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चुक्रुत्सति; Intens. चोक्रुध्यते, चोक्रोद्धि•} IV.P. (Ā.) क्रु॑ध्य, be or grow angry (with (d., g.; at, lc.): pp. क्रुद्-ध॑, angry, enraged, with (d., g., lc., upari, or prati); cs. क्रोध॑य, enrage.
अभि०, be angry with (ac.): pp. enraged.
प्रति०, return any one's (ac.) anger.
सम्०, be angry: pp. angry.

√क्रुश् — KRUŚ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. (rarely A.) क्रोशति, -ते, चुक्रोश, क्रोक्ष्यति, अक्रुक्षत्, क्रोष्टुम्; Caus. क्रोशयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चुक्रुक्षति; Intens. चोक्रुश्यते, चोक्रुशीति•} I.P. (Ā.) क्रो॑श, cry; lament; invoke (ac.): pp. क्रुष्ट, reviled.
अनु०, cry at; cs. pity.
आ०, cry aloud; revile; challenge, vie with.
उप०, display indignation.
प्र०, cry out: pp. publicly offered (food).
वि०, call aloud.
सम्०, raise a clamour.

√क्रूड् — KRŪḌ, {•cl. 10. P. क्रूडयति, -यितुम्; (cf. कूड्, क्रुड्)•} X.P. क्रूडय, thicken.

√क्लथ् — KLATH, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P., Ved. क्लथति, -थि-तुम्•} I.P. क्ल॑थ, turn (int.).

√क्लन्द् — KLAND, 🔗 🔗 {•(cf. rt. क्रन्द), cl. 1. P. क्लन्दति, चक्लन्द, क्लन्दिष्यति, क्लन्दितुम्; क्लन्द्cl. 1. A. क्लन्दते or क्लदते•} I.Ā. क्लन्द, resound.

√क्लम् — KLAM, 🔗 {•(cf. rt. श्रम्, the rt. क्लम् seems principally confined to the later poems), cl. 1. 4. P. क्लामति, क्लाम्यति, चक्लाम, क्लमिष्यति, क्लमितुम्•} IV.P. क्लाम्य, grow tired, be exhausted, flag: gnly. pp. क्लान्त, fatigued, exhausted; withered; slender, thin.
परि०, feel greatly exhausted: pp. greatly exhausted.
वि०, Ā. despond.

√क्लव् — KLAV, {•cl. 1. A. क्लवते; Caus. क्लवयति•} only pp. क्लवित, faltering.

√क्लिद् — KLID, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. क्लिद्यति, चिक्लेद, क्लेदिष्यति and क्लेत्स्यति, अक्लिदत्, क्लेदितुम् and क्लेत्तुम्; Caus. P. क्लेदयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिक्लेदिषति चिक्लिदिषति, चिक्लित्सति; Intens. चेक्लिद्यते, चेक्लेत्ति•} IV. क्लिद्य, P. become wet: pp. क्लिन्-न, wet; pr. pt. क्लिन्दत्, wet, dripping; compassionate; cs. क्लेदय, make wet, moisten; dirty, soil.
परि०, प्र० = simple verb.
सम्०, pp. moistened, softened.

√क्लिश् — KLIŚ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 9. P. क्लिश्नाति, चिक्लेश, क्ले-शिष्यति and क्लेक्ष्यति, अक्लेशीत् and अक्लिक्षत्, क्लेशितुम् and क्लेष्टुम्; cl. 4. A. क्लिश्यते, चिक्लिशे, क्लेशिष्यते, अक्लेशिष्ट, क्लेशि-तुम्; Caus. P. A. क्लेशयति, -ते, -यितुम्; Desid. चिक्लिक्षति, चिक्लिशिषति, चिक्लेशिषति, चिक्लिशिषते, चिक्लेशिषते; Intens. चेक्लिश्यते, चेक्लेष्टि•} IX. क्लिश्ना, IV. क्लिश्य, P. torment, plague, annoy, trouble; IV. Ā. (P.) be troubled, tormented, or distressed; P. cause pain to (ac.): pp. क्लिष्ट, tormented, annoyed, afflicted; damaged, worn out; painful, distressing; forced, obscure; cs. क्लेशय = simple vb.
परि०, IV.P. Ā. suffer distress: pp. tormented, distressed, afflicted; weakly: -म्, ad. reluctantly; cs. torment.
सं-प्र०, knead, squeeze.

√क्वण् — KVAṆ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. क्वणति, चक्वाण, क्वणितुम्; Caus. क्वणयति, यितुम्•} I.P. क्वण, cry out, croak, buzz; sound; ring, tinkle: pp. -इत, n. sound.

√क्वथ् — KVATH, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. क्वथति, चक्वाथ, क्वथिष्यति, अक्वथीत्, क्वथितुम्; Caus. क्वाथयति, -यितुम्•} I. क्वथ, boil (tr. and int.).
उद्०, boil over (fig.).

 क्षि 

√क्षण् — KṢAṆ, 🔗 v. √क्षन् KṢAN.

√क्षद् — KṢAD, {•cl. 1. A., Ved. क्षदते, चक्षदे•} I.Ā. क्ष॑द, carve; slaughter.

√क्षन् — KṢAN, 🔗 {•cl. 8. P. A. क्षणोति, -णुते, चक्षाण, चक्षणे, क्षणिष्यति, -ते, अक्षणीत्, क्षणितुम्; Caus. क्षाणयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिक्षणिषति, -ते; Intens. चङ्क्षण्यते, चङ्क्षन्ति•} VIII.P. क्षण्-ओ॑, -उ, hurt, wound; break; Ā. hurt or wound oneself: pp. क्षत॑, hurt, wounded; broken, injured; destroyed; violated.
उप०, परि०, वि०, pp. hurt, wounded.

√क्षप् — KṢAP, {•cl. 1. P. A. क्षपति, -ते; Caus. क्षपयति, -यितुम्•} I. क्षप, practise abstinence or mortification.

√क्षम् — KṢAM, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. A., 4. P. क्षमते, क्षाम्यति (ep. also 1. P. and Ved. 2. P. क्षमति, क्षमिति), चक्षमे, चक्षाम, क्षमिष्यते, -ति, and क्षंस्यते, -ति, अक्षमिष्ट, अक्षंस्त, अक्षमत्, क्षमितुम् and क्षन्तुम्; Caus. क्षमयति, -ते, -यितुम्; Desid. चिक्षमिषते, -ति, and चिक्षंसते, -ति; Intens. चङ्क्षम्यते, चङ्क्षन्ति•} I.Ā. (P.) क्ष॑म (IV. Ā. क्षम्य), have patience; submit to (d.); endure, put up with; pardon (g. or d. of person, ac. of thing); grant anything (ac.) to (g.), allow to (pot.); show indulgence to (ac.); be able to (inf.): pp. क्षान्त, patient; cs. क्षामय/क्षमय, ask any one's (ac.) pardon or indulgence for (ac.).

√क्षर् — KṢAR, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. क्षरति, चक्षार, क्षरिष्यति, अक्षारीत्, क्षरितुम् (ep. cl. 1. A. क्षरते, Ved. cl. 2. P. क्षरिति, Ved. inf. क्षरध्यै); Caus. क्षारयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिक्षरिषति; Intens. चाक्षर्यते, चाक्षर्ति•} I.P. (Ā.) क्ष॑र, flow; pass away, perish; pour forth, discharge, yield; emit a stream; cs. क्षारय, cause to flow, discharge.
अति०, flow through, overflow (tr.).
अभि‿अति०, flow across to.
अव०, sprinkle; cs. cause to flow down upon (ac.).
आ०, cs. defame.
उप०, flow towards.

√क्षल् — KṢAL, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. क्षलति, -लितुम्; cf. क्षर्•} X.P. क्षालय, wash: cleanse, purify, remove.
प्र०, wash, cleanse.
अभि-प्र०, cleanse.
वि०, wash away.

√क्षा¹ — KṢĀ, v. √क्षै KṢAI 🔗.

√क्षि¹ — KṢI, 🔗 {•cl. 2. 6. P., Ved. क्षेति, क्षियति, चिक्षाय, क्षेष्यति, क्षेतुम्; Caus. क्षययति or क्षेपयति, -यितुम्•} (V.); P. II. क्षे॑-ति, IV. क्षिय॑, dwell, abide; inhabit; cs. क्षय॑य or क्षेपय, cause to dwell peacefully, pacify.
अधि०, dwell in or near, rest upon; spread over (ac., lc.).
उप०, dwell in, abide by (also fig., w. ac.).
परि०, dwell around (ac.).

√क्षि² — KṢI, {•cl. 1. P., Ved. क्षयति (only the pres. seems to occur)•} I.P. क्ष॑य, (V.) possess, rule over (gr.).

√क्षि³ — KṢI, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. 5. 9. P. क्षयति, क्षि-णोति, क्षिणाति, चिक्षाय, क्षेष्यति, अक्षै-षीत्, क्षेतुम्; Pass. क्षीयते; Caus. क्षययति or क्षपयति or Ved. क्षापयति, यितुम्; Desid. चिक्षीषति; Intens. चेक्षीयते, चेक्षयीति, चेक्षेति•} P. IX. क्षि-णा॑, (V.); V. क्षि-णो॑; I. क्षय्-अ, (E.) destroy; oppress; ps. क्सी॑य, decrease, wane; cease; be exhausted; disappear, perish: pp. क्सित॑, exhausted, decayed, क्षिण॑, decreased; waning; exhausted, come to an end; feeble; thin, slender; cs. क्षययति or क्षपय-ति, -ते, destroy, remove, dispel; emaciate, weaken; pass (time): pp. क्षयित or क्षपित.
परि०, destroy; ps. be impoverished: pp. disappeared; exhausted; indigent; perished; weak in (in.); destitute of (-°).
प्र०, destroy, exhaust; ps. perish: pp. destroyed; exhausted, disappeared.
सम्०, destroy; ps. draw to an end.

√क्षिप् — KṢIP, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. A., 4. P. क्षि-पति, -ते, क्षिप्यति, चिक्षेप, चिक्षिपे, क्षेप्स्यति, -ते, अक्षैप्सीत्, अक्षिप्त, क्षेप्तुम्; Caus. P. क्षेपयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिक्षिप्सति, -ते; Intens. चेक्षिप्यते, चेक्षेप्ति•} VI. क्षिप॑, throw, cast, discharge (at, upon, d., g., lc., or upar); move rapidly; utter (words); direct (thoughts or gaze); hit; strew, pour, put (into, lc.); set down; throw off; let go; cast blame on (lc.); inveigh against, abuse, mock; destroy, lose; pass, bide (time); cs. क्षेपय, cause to be thrown into (antar), cause to descend into (lc.); crack.
अधि०, throw dirt on, revile, insult, offend, mock at.
अभि०, hit sharply (with a whip).
अव०, cast down, let fly; throw into (lc.).
आ०, throw upon (lc.), at (d.); cast ashore; touch (ac.) with (in.); pull or carry away; take away from (ab.); withdraw; rob; attract (fig.). absorb; expel from (ab.); put into (lc.); refer to; raise an objection to (ac.); reproach with; insult; produce, effect.
परि‿आ०, entwine with (in.).
वि‿आ०, stretch out; carry away, captivate: pp. -°, full of.
सम्-आ०, accumulate; insult; indicate.
उद्०, throw up, raise; place upon.
सम्-उद्०, throw, up, raise; free from (ab.).
उप०, hint at, allude to.
नि०, throw down; throw upon (lc. or upari), put down, place upon or in (lc.); direct the gaze towards (lc. or ad. -tas); abandon, give up; hand over, deliver, entrust, to (lc.); bestow; appoint to (lc.); cs. cause to be drawn up.
उप-नि०, put down.
वि-नि०, throw or put down; entrust: pp. placed in (-°).
परि०, throw along (a distance); wind round; surround; embrace.
प्र०, cast, throw at or in, place in (lc.); put before; let down.
वि०, throw about, cast hither and thither, scatter; *handle; distract: pp. distraught.
प्र-वि०, pp. agitated.
सम्०, heap up; compress, curtail, diminish; destroy: pp. contracted, condensed; narrow; short, concise.

√क्षु — KṢU, 🔗 {•cl. 2. P. क्षौति, चुक्षाव, क्षविष्यति, अक्षावीत्, क्षवितुम्; Caus. क्षावयति; Desid. of Caus. चुक्षावयिषति•} II.P. क्षौ-ति, sneeze: pp. क्षुत, having sneezed; n. sneeze.
अव०, pp. sneezed upon.

√क्षुद् — KṢUD, 🔗 {•cl. 7. P. A. and Ved. cl. 1. P. क्षुणत्ति, क्षुन्ते, क्षोदति, चुक्षोद, चुक्षुदे, क्षोत्स्यति, -ते, अक्षुदत्, अक्षौत्सीत्, अक्षुत्त, क्षोत्तुम्; Caus. P. क्षोदयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. क्षो॑द, pound: pp. क्षुण्ण, trodden; crushed, broken; pierced.
प्र०, goad, urge on.
वि०, pound; urge on.

√क्षुध् — KṢUDH, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. क्षुध्यति, चुक्षोध, क्षोद्धुम्•} IV.P. क्षु॑ध्य, be hungry: pp. क्षुधित, hungry.

√क्षुभ् — KṢUBH, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 9. 4. P., 1. A. क्षुभ्नाति, क्षुभ्यति, क्षोभते, चुक्षो-भ, चुक्षुभे, क्षोभिष्यति, -ते, अक्षोभीत्, अक्षुभत् and अक्षोभिष्ट, क्षोभितुम्; Caus. क्षोभयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चुक्षुभि-षति, -ते, or चुक्षोभिषति, -ते; Intens. चोक्षु-भ्यते, चोक्षोब्धि•} I.Ā. क्षोभ, (V.); IV.P. Ā, क्षुभ्य, sway, tremble, become agitated: pp. क्षुब्ध (rare) and क्षुभित, shaken; agitated; cs. क्षोभय, P. (Ā.) shake, agitable; throw into confusion.
प्र०, become agitated, be disturbed.
वि०, be shaken or agitated; be thrown into confusion.
सम्०, become agitated.

√क्ष्णु — KṢṆU, {•cl. 2. P. क्ष्णौति, चुक्ष्णाव, क्ष्णवितुम्•} II.P. क्ष्णौ॑-ति, whet, sharpen.

√क्ष्विड् — KṢVIḌ, 🔗 🔗 {•क्ष्विड् or क्ष्विद्; cl. 1. P. क्ष्वे-डति or क्ष्वेदति, -डितुम् or -दितुम्; A. क्ष्वेडते or क्ष्वेदते, or cl. 4. P. क्ष्विद्यति; Caus. क्ष्वेडयति or -दयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. क्ष्वेड, utter an inarticulate sound, creak, hum hiss, grind the teeth.

√क्ष्विद् — KṢVID, I.P. क्ष्वे॑द, id.

√क्ष्वेल् — KṢVEL, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. क्ष्वेलति, &c.•} I.P. क्ष्वेल, (E.) jump, play.

√खच् — KHAC, 🔗 {•cl. 1. 9. P. खचति and खच्ञाति, चखाच, खचितुम्; cl. 10. P. खचयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. खच, shine: pp. खच्-इत, sparkling; brilliant or studded with (in., -°).
उद्०, pp. interwoven with (in., -°).

√खञ्ज् — KHAÑJ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. खञ्जति, चखञ्ज, खञ्जितुम्•} I.P. खञ्ज, limp.

√खड् — KHAḌ, 🔗 {•cl. 10. P. खाडयति, -यितुम्•} √खण्ड् KHAṆḌ, 🔗break, cleave.

√खद् — KHAD, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. खदति, चखाद, अखदीत् and अखादीत्, &c.•} VI.P. खद॑, (V.) be firm or hard.

√खन् — KHAN, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. खनति, -ते, चखान, चख्ने, खनिष्यति, -ते, अखा-नीत् and अखनीत्, अखनिष्ट, खनितुम्; Caus. खानयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिखनिषति, -ते; Intens. चङ्खन्यते, चाखायते, चङ्खन्ति•} I. ख॑न, dig, dig up or into (ac.); pierce, lacerate; agitate: pp. खात॑.
उद्०, dig up, uproot, undermine; exterminate, destroy; pull out; draw (sword).
प्र‿उद्०, dig up; eradicate.
नि०, bury; dig in; erect (pillars); infix, imbed; cs. cause to be dug; infix.

√खर् — KHAR, be rough or broken.

√खर्ज् — KHARJ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. खर्जति, चखर्ज, खर्जितुम्•} I.P. खर्ज, (S.) creak.

√खल् — KHAL, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. खलति, चखाल, &c.•} besmooth; stumble or waver.

√खल्ल् — KHALL, {•cl. 1. A. खल्लते, &c.•} I.Ā. खल्ल, totter; be loose: pp. खल्लित, flaccid, flabby.

√खाद् — KHĀD, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. (ep. also A.) खादति, चखाद, खादिष्यति, अखादीत्, खा-दितुम्; Caus. खादयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिखादिषति; Intens. चाखाद्यते, चाखात्ति•} I.P. (Ā.) खा॑द, chew, eat, gnaw; devour; destroy; cs. खादय, P. id.; cause to be eaten, by (in.).
सम्०, devour.

√खिद् — KHID, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. खिन्दति (Ved. खि-दति), चिखेद, अखैत्सीत्, खेत्स्यति, खेत्तुम्; cl. 7. or 4. A. खिन्त्ते or खिन्ते and खिद्यते; Caus. खे-दयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिखित्सति, -ते; Intens. चे-खिद्यते, चेखेत्ति•} VI.P. खिद॑, press; IV.P. Ā. खिद्य, be depressed or afflicted; feel languid: pp. खिन्न, depressed, downcast; exhausted, languid; cs. P. Ā. खेदय, depress, distress, disquiet, trouble.
आ०, seize upon.
उद्०, draw out.
परि०, feel depressed: pp. exhausted; afflicted.

√खुद् — KHUD, {•cl. 6. P., Ved. खुदति; Intens. 3rd sing. Leṭ, चनीखुदत्; cf. खुर्द्•} VI.P. खुद॑, (V.) thrust in.

√खेल् — KHEL, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. खेलति, &c.; Caus. खेलयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. खेल, move to an fro, sway, rock; appear: pp. खेलित, rocking; cs. put in motion, turn.

√ख्या — KHYĀ, 🔗 {•cl. 2. P. and in the non-conjugational tenses P. A. ख्याति, चख्यौ, चख्ये, ख्यास्यति, -ते, अख्यत्, अख्यत, ख्या-तुम्; Pass. ख्यायते; Caus. ख्यापयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिख्यासति, -ते; Intens. चाख्यायते, चाख्याति and चाख्येति•} II.P. ख्या-ति; ps. ख्यायते, be mentioned; be known: pp. ख्यात, named, known; known as; celebrated; cs. ख्यापय, make known, proclaim, report, declare; manifest, betray; tell about any one (ac.); praise, celebrate.
अन्तर्०, withhold, conceal.
अभि०, behold, perceive: pp. notorious; cs. proclaim.
अव०, look down; observe.
आ०, recite, enumerate; tell, inform, announce, report; indicate; call, name, designate as (2 ac.); cs. proclaim.
प्रति‿आ०, refuse, repudiate, deny; decline; prohibit; refute; surpass.
वि‿आ०, explain; discuss; announce, relate.
सम्-आ०, add, enumerate; relate; pronounce to be (iti): pp. named.
परि०, look round; disregard (g.).
प्र०, see; announce; relate: pp. known, acknowledged; renowned; cs. make generally known: pp. ख्यापित, known as (nm.).
प्रति०, perceive, see.
वि०, look about, look up; perceive; lighten, make visible; show, illumine: pp. generally known, celebrated; known as, called; cs. proclaim.
अभि-वि०, behold.
सम्०, appear with (in.); add up, calculate; estimate by (in.).
परि-सम्०, add together.

 गर्   गि   गृ   ग्र 

√गद् — GAD, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. गदति, जगाद, गदिष्यति, अगादीत् or अगदीत्, गदितुम्; cl. 10. P. अगदीत्, गदितुम्; Caus. गादयति, -यितुम्; Desid. जिगदिषति; Intens. जागद्यते, जागत्ति•} I.P. (Ā.) गद, recite, utter, speak, say; address (2 ac.); name.
नि०, id.; ps. be called; be accounted.

√गध् — GADH, {•cl. 4. P. गध्यति•} fp. ग॑ध्-य, to be held fast, to be captured: pp. गधित. आ, pp. clung to.
परि०, pp. clasped.

√गभ् — GABH, √गम्भ् GAMBH, be cleft, yawn.

√गम् — GAM, 🔗 {•The conjugational tenses are formed in the Veda according to four different methods, as follows:
I) According to the rule for cl. 1, Pres. P. गमति; Pot. P. गमेत्; Impv. P. 1st sing. गमानि, &c.
II) According to the rule for cl. 2, Pres. P. गन्ति; Pot. P. गम्यात्; Impv. P. 2nd sing. गहि, 3rd गन्तु; Impf. P. 2nd and 3rd sing. अगन्, 1st pl. अगन्म; 3rd pl. अग्मन्; Pres. Part. ग्मत्.
III) According to the rule for cl. 3, Pres. P. जगन्ति; Pot. P. जगम्यात्; Impf. अजगन्.
IV) According to the rule for cl. 1, with substitution of गच्छ् for गम् (this is the only formation used in classical Sanskṛt), Pres. P. गच्छति; Pot. गच्छेत्, &c. (the A. is often found in epic poetry); Perf. जगम or जगाम, जगन्थ or जगमिथ, जगाम, 2nd du. जग्मथुस्, 2nd pl. जग्म; Perf. Part. जगन्वस् or जग्मिवस्, f. जग्मुषी; 2nd Fut. गमिष्यति; 1st Fut. गन्ता; Aor. P. अगमत्, A. अगंस्त and अगत, अगंस्महि and अगस्महि; Inf. गन्तुम्, Ved. गन्तवे, गन्तवै, गमध्यै; Ind. Part. गत्वा, Ved. गत्वी, गत्वाय;
Pass. गम्यते; Caus. गमयति, -यितुम्; Desid. P. A. जिगमिषति, जिगांसते; Intens. जङ्गम्यते, जङ्गमीति, Ved. जङ्गन्ति and गनीगन्ति•}
I. ग॑म and II. ग॑न्-ति (V.); I. ग॑च्छ, go, move, walk; depart; die; pass, elapse; traverse; betake oneself to, reach, obtain (ac., d., lc.); fall or recoil on (ac.); have sexual intercourse with (ac.); perceive, recognise (ps. be understood or meant); attain, undergo, suffer: very often with ac. of an abst. N., when it may variously be translated by the passive, an intransitive verb or the verb to become with the corresponding noun or adjective: विस्मयं गम्, be amazed; नाशं -, perish; शूद्रत्वं -, become a Śūdra; क्रोधं -, grow angry; प्रतीपं -, resist (g.); दोषेण or दोष-तो -, accuse (ac.); मनसा -, betake oneself in thought to (ac.): pp. गत॑, g. v.; cs. गम्-अ॑य, cause to go, bring, send, conduct (to, ac., d., lc.); cause to undergo; pass (time); explain; produce the meaning of (ac.); designate; induce any one (ac.) to walk by means of any one (in.); des. जिगमिष or जिगांस, P. wish or be about to go; intv. ग॑नीगन्ति, visit, frequent.
अच्छा॑०, go to.
अति०, elapse; pass over.
अधि०, go to, approach, reach (pp. surrounded by: in.); have sexual intercourse with (ac.); take in hand; begin; obtain, acquire; espouse, marry; come upon, find; find out; accomplish; learn, study, read; des. wish to recover; Ā. wish to study.
सम्-अधि०, approach; acquire, obtain; learn, study.
अनु०, follow, accompany, pursue; visit; cover from behind; take possession of; conform to, be guided by; imitate; be contained in (lc.); perform: pp. amenable, complaisant; -°, conformable to, according to; imitated; dominated by; traversing; cs. accompany.
सम्-अनु०, follow.
अन्तर्०, exclude from (ab.): pp. अन्तर्गत, q. v.
अप०, go away, disappear (fr., ab.): pp. gone away, vanished; deviating from (ab. or -°).
वि‿अप०, depart: pp. departed; swerving from (ab.).
अपि०, enter into; be absorbed in (ac.).
अभि०, advance, approach; go to, visit (ac.); return home; follow; have sexual intercourse with (ac.); find, meet with, obtain; devote oneself to (ac.).
सम्-अभि०, unite sexually.
अरम्०, present oneself to (d.).
अव०, come down to (ac. or lc.); come to, enter into (ac.); obtain; hit upon, guess, infer; learn from (ab.); perceive, understand; be convinced, be of opinion, believe to be meant, know (pr. pt. wittingly; pp. with act. and ps. meaning); regard as, consider to be (2 ac.); cs. procure; cause to experience, let know.
आ०, approach, come (to, ac.); come forth; meet with (saha); return (gnly. with punar); come or fall upon; obtain, take, undergo, incur (with abstract nouns): pp. arrived, come (to, ac., lc., or -°); come into the world, born; returned (gnly. with punar); coming from (ab.); come to pass in regard to (ac.); having happened or supervened (sts. °-); fallen into (ac.); cs. cause to approach; learn (ac.) from (ab.); des. be about to come.
अहि‿आ०, come upon, find.
अनु‿आ०, follow: pp. with act. and ps. mg.
अभि‿आ०, approach, come to, visit: pp. arrived, come: क्रमाद् - = inherited.
सम्-अभि‿आ०, arrive; come back (with punar).
उप‿आ०, approach, come to (ac., lc.); fall into, incur, undergo (with abst. nouns); appear; fall to one's share: with दायात् = inherit: pp. arrived.
अभि‿उप‿आ०, come to (ac.).
सम्-उप‿आ०, id.; befall.
प्रति‿आ०, return from (ab.) to (ac.); come to oneself, recover.
सम्-आ०, come together, meet, unite (with, in. ± saha or sārdham); approach, come to (ac., lc.); return (from, ab.); come upon, find (ac.): pp. united, assembled in conjunction with (in.); cs. unite any one (ac.) with (in. or lc.).
उद्०, rise; go forth, appear; spread: pp. proceeding from (ab. or -°); having appeared; widespread; cs. cause to come forth, suck (milk).
अभि‿उद्०, rise (moon); go forth to meet (ac.); consent to (ac.).
प्र‿उद्०, rise up, project.
प्रति‿उद्०, advance to meet (pp. with act. and ps. mg.); come forth or appear again; set out for (ac. or lc.).
सम्-उद्०, come forth, appear.
उप०, approach, go to, visit; reach, befall (g.); come across, find; have sexual intercourse with (ac.); fall into, obtain, incur (with abst. nouns): pp. having betaken oneself to any one's protection; accompanied by (-°); granted, recognised; cs. cause to approach.
अभि‿उप०, approach, go to (ac.); admit, grant, assent to (ac.); cs. persuade any one (ac.) to assent.
सम्-उप०, approach; undergo.
नि०, appear; arrive at, obtain; enter; have intercourse with; cs. put in.
निस्०, go out, depart (from, ab.), come forth, appear, go away, disappear; fall into, undergo: pp. freed from (ab. or -°).
वि-निस्०, go out, come forth, depart; free oneself from (ab.); be beside oneself: pp. gone out; coming forth, issuing; free from (ab.).
परा०, go away, depart: pp. arrived; filled or covered with (-°).
परि०, go or walk round; wander over, traverse; surround, encompass; spread around; depart, die; attain, undergo: pp. extending or diffused on all sides; dead; possessed by, filled with (in. or -°); experienced; learned from (ab.); known; cs. pass (time).
प्र०, depart; go to (ac.).
प्रति०, advance towards (ac.); return to (ac.).
वि० disperse; depart, vanish, pass away: pp. deceased, dead; °-, disappeared, gone = -less; cs. pass (time).
सम्० Ā. (P.) come together, assemble; meet (as friend or foe), unite with (in, ± saha or sārdham); have sexual intercourse with; assemble at (lc.); accord, suit: pp. suitable; according with (-°); cs. bring together; unite (ac.) with (in.); lead any one to (2 ac.); transfer to (lc.).
उप-सम्०, come together to (ac.); approach, join (ac.).

√गर्ज् — GARJ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. 10. P. गर्जति, जगर्ज, गर्जिष्यति, अगर्जीत्, गर्जितुम्, गर्जयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. गर्ज, roar; thunder; growl; hiss; twitter (with ac. of the sound); boast, swagger.
अनु०, roar after.
अभि०, roar at (ac.).
परि०, scream, scold.
प्रति०, answer (ac.) with a roar; resist; vie with (in. or g.).

√गर्द् — GARD, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. 10. P. गर्दति, -दितुम्, गर्दयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. गर्द, shout, exult.

√गर्ह् — GARH, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. 10. P. A. गर्हति, -ते, गर्हयति, -ते, जगर्ह, जगर्हे, गर्हिष्यते, अगर्हिष्ट, गर्हितुम्; Desid. जिगर्हिषते, -ति; Intens. जागर्ह्यते, जागर्ड्ढि•} I. (P.) Ā. गर्ह, X. (P.) Ā. गर्हय, complain of anything (ac.) to (d.); accuse; reproach, censure, blame; repent of (ac.): pp. गर्हित, blamed, by (in., g., lc., -°) despised; blameworthy, reprehensible, forbidden; despicable: -म्, ad. badly.
नि०, I.Ā. speak slightingly of (d.).
वि०, censure, blame, rail at: pp. blamed, by (in., g., -°); contemptible, reprehensible, forbidden (by, ab.), blameworthy (on account of, -°).

√गल् — GAL, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. गलति, जगाल, गलिष्यति, अगालीत्, गलितुम्; cf. 2. गॄ; Caus. गालयति, -यितुम्; A. गालयते•} I.P. गल, drip, trickle down, drop; fall or slip down, off or out; disappear: pp. गलित, vanished, gone, lost (°-); omitted, esp. of recurring passages left out in the Pada text of the RV.; cs. गालय, strain; liquefy, dissolve, melt.
अव०, fall off or down.
आ०, pp. fallen, sunk or flowed down.
उद्०, well forth; fall out.
निस्०, pp. effused, distilled.
परि०, pp. tumbled down; sunk in (-°).
प्र०, drip down.
वि०, flow away, dry up; melt; fall or slip down or off; slip out of (ab.); come to an end, disappear: pp. drained; dissolved; vanished.
प्र-वि०, stream forth; disappear.

√गा¹ — GĀ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. or 2. A., 3. P. गाते, जिगाति, जगौ, अगात्, गास्यति, गातुम् (Ved. गातवे), (in classical Sanskṛt only the aorist of the simple verb seems to occur); Pass. गीयते; Desid. जिगासति or जिगीषति (?); Intens. जेगीयते•} III.P. जिगा, go or come, to or towards (ac. lc.); follow; fall into, undergo (ac.).
अति०, pass by, elapse.
वि‿अति०, pass.
अधि०, fall into, undergo; hit upon, resolve on (ac.); think of (ac., g.); gnly. Ā.: study; learn, from (ab.).
अनु०, go after or in quest of (ac.); go along (a road), follow.
अप०, go away; depart or keep aloof from (ac.).
अभि०, go towards, approach (ac.); attain; undergo.
आ०, approach, come to (ac.); appear; befall.
अभि‿आ०, approach, go towards (ac.); befall; resolve to (inf.).
उप‿आ०, approach, come towards (ac.).
अनु-प्रति‿आ०, return again to (ac.).
उद्०, rise (heavenly bodies).
उप०, approach; fall into (ac.).
निस्०, come forth, from (ab.); depart from (ac.); go out of the house.
परि०, go round; avoid; disregard.
प्र०, go forward, proceed, towards (ac.); depart from (ab.).
अप-प्र०, go away, depart.
उप-प्र०, approach.

√गा² — GĀ, 🔗 v. √गै GAI.

√गाह् — GĀH, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. (ep. also P.) गाहते, -ति, जगाहे, गाहिष्यते, अगाहिष्ट, गा-हितुम् or गाढुम्; Caus. गाहयति, -यितुम्, अजीगहत्; Desid. जिगा-हिषते and जिघाक्षते; Intens. जागाह्यते and जागाढि•} I.Ā. (P.) plunge or dive into, bathe in, enter; fall into or be plunged in (ac.): pp. गाढ, q. v.
अव० or व०, dive, plunge, penetrate, betake oneself into (ac.); fathom, comprehend: pp. used for bathing in; immersed or plunged in, having penetrated into (ac., g., lc., -°); lying deep; deeply impressed; hidden; vanished.
उद्०, emerge: pp. excessive, violent; overflowing with (-°).
प्र०, pp. advanced, late (time).
प्रति०, betake oneself into (ac.).
वि०, bathe in, plunge, penetrate, betake oneself, into (ac., lc.); pierce; obtain; be engrossed in, ponder; fall (night): कक्षां -, = be a match for (g.): pp. having begun or entered.
अभि-वि०, penetrate.

√गिर्¹ — GIR, girate, etc., v. √गॄ¹ gṝ, 🔗 call.

√गिर्² — GIR, √गिल् GIL, v. √गॄ² 🔗 gṝ, swallow.

√गु¹ — GU, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•(related to 1. गा), cl. 1. A. गवते, to go•} only intv. जो॑गुवे and जो॑गुवान, cause to sound, proclaim.

√गुञ्ज् — GUÑJ, 🔗 {•cl. 6. and 1 (?). P. गुजति and गोजति (?), जुगोज, गुजितुम्; oftener गुञ्ज्, cl. 1. P. गुञ्जति, जुगुञ्ज, गुञ्जितुम्•} I.P. गुञ्ज, hum, buzz.

√गुण्ठ् — GUṆṬH, 🔗 {•(connected with गुण्ड् and गुध्): cl. 10. P. गुण्ठयति, -यितुम्•} X.P. गुण्ठय, cover: pp. गुण्ठित, covered, with (in. or -°).
अव०, id.: gd. -गुण्ठ्य, veiling the head.

√गुप्¹ — GUP, 🔗 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. गुप्यति, जुगोप, गो-पितुम्, to become perplexed or confused. गुप्, जुगोप and गोपयाञ्चकार, गोप्स्यति, गोपिष्यति, गोपायिष्यति, अगौ-प्सीत्, अगोपीत्, अगोपायीत्, गोप्तुम्, गोपितुम् and गो-पायितुम्, to guard, etc.; Caus. or cl. 10. P. A. गोपयति, -ते, अजूगुपत्, -यितुम्, or गोपाययति, &c.; Desid. A. जुगुप्सते (ep. also P.), जु-गुपिषति, -ते, or जुगोपिषति, -ते, or जुगोपायिषति, -ते; Desid. जुगुप्सि-षते; Intens. जोगुप्यते, जोगोप्ति•} (no pr. st.) guard, protect, from (ab.); preserve; keep secret, conceal: pp. गुपित (V.) and गुप्त॑, q. v.; inf. गोपितुम्; des. जुगुप्स, (P.) Ā. be one's guard against (ab.); avoid, disdain, abhor; reproach: जुगुप्सित, pp. abhorred; *abhorring (ab.).
अधि०, pp. protected by (-°).
अनु०, pp. guarded; concealed.
अभि०, pp. protected.
सम्०, pp. id.; concealed.

√गुम्फ् — GUMPH, 🔗 {•गुफ् or गुम्फ्, cl. 6. P. गुफति or गुम्फति, जुगुम्फ, -फितुम्•} VI.P. गुम्फ, twine; string together: pp. गुम्फित; cs. गुम्फय, id.

√गुर् — GUR, 🔗 {•cl. 6. A. गुरते, जुगुरे, गुरितुम्, to make effort or exertion; cl. 10. A. गोरयते or गूरयते, &c., to make effort; to eat; cl. 4. A. गूर्यते, to hurt, go; Ved. also cl. 6. P. गुरति, (not used without prepositions except in the part. गूर्त and गूर्ण, = approved, welcome, agreeable; see under गूर्•} VI. (P.) Ā. गुर॑ते: simple verb only in pp. गूर्त॑, welcome, pleasing.
अप०, disapprove; threaten.
अव०, threaten, assault (d., lc.): gd. -गूर्य.
आ०, approve, assent to (ac.); pronounce the āgur.
उद्०, pp. -गूर्ण, raised threateningly; lifted up.

√गुह् — GUH, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. गूहति, -ते, जुगूह, जुगुहे, गूहिष्यति or घोक्ष्यति, -ते, अगूहीत्, अघुक्षत्, अगूढ, अघुक्षत, अगू-हिषि, अघुक्षि, गूहितुम् or गोढुम्; Caus. गूहयति, -यितुम्, अजूगुहत्; Desid. जुघुक्षति, -ते; Intens. जोगुह्यते, जोगुहीति or जोगोढि•} I. गू॑ह, conceal, cover; keep secret: pp. गूढ॑ (गूठ॑), covered; disguised; invisible; secret: -म्, ad. privately, privily, secretly: with पुरुष, m. spy; with दण्ड, m. blackmail.
अप०, conceal.
अव०, cover, hide; embrace.
उप०, cover, conceal; wind round; embrace.
नि०, cover, conceal: pp. hidden, secret: °- and -म्, ad. privately; cs. गूहय, hide, conceal.
वि०, pp. concealed; disguised.

√गृ — GṚ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. गरति, जगार, गरिष्यति, अगार्षीत्, गर्तुम्; Caus. गारयति; Desid. जिगीर्षति; Intens. जेग्रीयते, जर्गर्ति•} v. √जागृ JĀGṚ.

√गृध् — GṚDH, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. गृध्यति, जगर्ध, गर्धिष्यति, अगृधत्, गर्धितुम्; Caus. P. गर्धयति, -यितुम्,; A. गर्धयते; Desid. जिगर्धि-षति; Intens. जरीगृध्यते, जरीगर्द्धि•} IV.P. गृध्य, stride out; be greedy, desire vehemently (ac., lc): pp. गृद्-ध, greedy; eager for (lc.).

√गृभ् — GṚBH, {•(fr. ग्रह्), Ved. grasping, seizing, grasp, hold•} v. √ग्रभ् GRABH.

√गॄ¹ — GṜ, 🔗 {•cl. 9. P. A. गृणाति, गृणीते, जगार, गरिष्यति and गरीष्यति, अगारीत्, गरितुम् and गरीतुम्; cl. 10. A. गारयते, -यितुम्, to know, discern, make known, teach•} IX. गृ-ण, णी, -ण् (also with ps. meaning); VI. गिर (with सम्०), invoke, call; praise; utter; recite; proclaim; relate.
अनु०, join in praising; answer; *agree with (d.).
अभि०, approve; praise.
आ०, praise, laud.
प्रति‿आ०, answer.
प्र०, praise.
सं-प्र०, name.
प्रति०, invoke, salute; respond to (d.); *agree with (d.).
सम्०, agree; promise (d.); accept (as true), assert.

√गॄ² — GṜ, 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. गिरति and गिलति, जगार and जगाल, गरिष्यति and गलिष्यति, or गरीष्यति and गलीष्यति, अगारीत् and अगालीत्, गरितुम् and गलितुम्, or गरीतुम् and गलीतुम्; Caus. गारयति and गालयति; Desid. जिगरिषति and जिगलिषति; Intens. जेगिल्यते, जागर्ति•} VI.Ā. गिर॑, P. गिल, IX.P. गृ-णा (with नि०, सम्०), swallow, devour: pp. गीर्ण.
उद्०, vomit; eject; pour out; utter, burst out with (ac.): pp. caused, produced.
नि०, swallow down, devour; absorb, appropriate.
सम्०, devour.

√गै — GAI, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. (rarely A.) गायति, जगौ, गास्यति, अगासीत्, गातुम्; Pass. गीयते; Caus. P. गापयति, -यितुम्; Desid. जिगासति; Intens. जेगीयते, जागेति, जागाति•} I.P. (Ā.) गा॑य, II.P. गा, sing, chant, celebrate in song (ac.); proclaim in verse (ac.); sing to (d.); sing before (ac.); ps. also be called: pp. गीत॑, sung, chanted; cs. गाप-य, cause to sing or praise; intv. जेगीयते, sing aloud; be sung.
अनु०, sing in harmony with (ac.): pp. sec. s.v. अभि०, sing to, invoke (ac.); enchant with song (ac.).
अव०, pp. oft repeated, trite; detested, loathsome.
आ०, sing to (ac.); obtain by singing.
उद्०, strike up, chant (esp. in liturgy); celebrate in song (ac.); sing to (ac.).
प्र‿उद्०, begin to sing.
उप०, sing to (ac., d., lc.); sing before (ac.); celebrate in song: pp. also with act. meaning: having begun to sing.
नि०, accompany with song; sing, chant, proclaim.
प्र०, begin to sing; celebrate in song: pp. chanted; singing.
वि०, pp. inconsistent, contradictory.
सम्०, sing together: pp. s.v.

√ग्रथ् — GRATH, √ग्रन्थ् GRANTH, 🔗 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•ग्रथ् or ग्रन्थ्, cl. 9. and 1. P. ग्रथ्नाति, ग्रन्थति, जग्रन्थ; pl. जग्रन्थुस् and ग्रेथुस्; ग्रन्थिष्यति, अग्रन्थीत्, ग्रन्थितुम्; A. ग्रथ्नीते, ग्रन्थते, अग्रन्थिष्ट; cl. 1. P. A. also ग्रथति, ग्रथते; Caus. P. ग्रन्थयति and ग्राथयति, -यितुम्•} IX.P. ग्रथ्-न॑, -नी, -न्, tie, connect; compose: pp. ग्रथित॑, strung, bound, wreathed, woven; joined; studded with (-°); intricate (plot).
उद्०, tie up; loosen, untie.
वि०, tie together.
सम्०, id.

√ग्रभ् — GRABH, 🔗 {•See ग्रह्•} IX. गृभ्-णा॑, V. form of GRAH (q. v.): pp. गृभीत॑, fruitful (tree).
अनु०, receive kindly.
उद्०, draw out.
परि०, clasp.
प्रति०, accept; grasp.

√ग्रस् — GRAS, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. ग्रसति, -ते, जग्रास, जग्रसे, ग्रसिष्यति, -ते, अग्रसीत्, अग्रसिष्ट, ग्रसितुम्; Caus. P. ग्रासयति, -यितुम्; Desid. जिग्रसिषते, -ति; Intens. जाग्रस्यते, जा-ग्रस्ति•} I. ग्र॑स, seize with the mouth, swallow, devour; eclipse (sun, moon); hush up (a suit): pp. ग्रसित॑, ग्रस्त, seized, possessed, attacked, tormented by (-°).

√ग्रह् — GRAH, 🔗 {•ग्रह् or ग्रभ् (the latter being the more ancient form used especially in the Ṛg-veda), cl. 9. P. A. गृह्णाति, गृह्णीते (Ved. गृभ्णाति, -णीते); Impf. 1st sing. अगृह्णाम् (irreg. अगृह्णम्), 2nd sing. Impv. P. गृहाण (Ved. गृभ्णान and गृह्णान, other forms गृह्णाहि and गृह्णीहि, 3rd sing. गृह्णीतात्), जग्राह (Ved. Perf. जग्रभ, 1st pl. जगृभ्म), जगृहे (Ved. 3rd pl. जगृभ्रे), ग्रहीष्यति, -ते, अग्रहीत्, अग्रहीष्ट (Ved. Aor. 1st sing. अग्रभम्, 3rd sing. अग्रभीत्, 3rd pl. अगृभ्रन्, अगृभीषत; also 1st sing. अजग्रभम्), ग्रहीतुम्; Pass. गृह्यते, 1st Fut. ग्रहीता and ग्राहिता, 2nd Fut. ग्रहीष्यते and ग्राहिष्यते, Aor. 3rd sing. अग्राहि, 3rd du. अग्रहीषाताम् and अग्राहिषाताम्; Caus. P. ग्राहयति, -यितुम्, अजिग्रहत्; Desid. जिघृ-क्षति, -ते; Intens. जरीगृह्यते, जा-ग्राढि•} IX. गृह्-ण॑, - णी, - ण्, seize, take (also of leeches, hold, catch, stop; grasp (-पाणिम्, the hand in marriage); gain possession of; capture; captivate (the heart); attack (of disease); eclipse; rob, deprive of; keep, retain, claim, appropriate; obtain, accept; receive (from, ab.); assume, adopt; acquire; purchase (with in, of price); draw (water); pluck, gather; put on (clothes); take and place upon (in., lc.); take upon oneself, undergo; welcome, receive again (a rejected wife); utter, pronounce; perceive, trace out, understand, hear, see; learn, remember; approve, like; take to heart, follow; be of opinion, consider; with cs. mg. cause to take; अन्यथा -, mistake; कार्यं -, accept a lawsuit; गर्भं -, become pregnant by (ab.); परमार्थेन -, take in earnest; pp. गृहीत often °-, lit. having a taken -, = taking with one, bearing, holding; gd. गृहीत्वा गृह्य = with; ps. be meant by (in.); cs. ग्राह॑य, P. cause to seize, take, or grasp (the hand in marriage); give in marriage to (2 ac.); cause to be apprehended; cause to be plundered or taken away; cause to receive, deliver to; ask to take (a seat); cause to choose (2 ac.); teach, familiarise with (2 ac.); des. जिघृक्ष, P. Ā. be about to seize; desire to grasp or perceive.
अनु०, rob afterwards; support; approve; treat graciously, favour (with, in.); cherish; grace (a seat = deign to be seated): pp. rendered happy by (in.).
अप०, take away, sever.
अभि०, seize; receive; cs. catch.
अव०, let go, relax; keep back, close; divide (words); gd. by violence.
आ०, pull, tighten (reins); learn.
उद्०, raise, hold up; take away; draw (sword); rescue; cs. cause to be paid; explain, discuss.
उप‿उद्०, raise; open; convey to the mouth.
उप०, hold from below, support; obtain, secure; accept; approve.
नि०, draw to one; tighten (reins); close (eyes); keep back, restrain; hold fast; capture, apprehend; imprison; check, subdue, curb; withhold, suppress.
उप-नि०, press down upon (lc.); bring near.
परि०, embrace, surround; put on (a garment); grasp; hold; gain, secure; accept; retain; profess (a doctrine); undergo; receive kindly; marry (a woman); assist; conform to, follow; excel, surpass: pp. united with, furnished with (in. or -°).
प्र०, stretch forth; hold; grasp; accept; stop; tighten (reins); keep separate (words in Sandhi); gd. प्र-गृह्य, taking with one, accompanied by; with.
सं-प्र०, accept.
प्रति०, grasp, take up; take possession of; regain; receive, accept; receive (hostilely), attack; welcome; marry; hear with pleasure, take as a good omen; acquiesce in, approve; cs. offer to, present with (2 ac.); des. desire to accept.
वि०, hold apart; separate; analyse (compounds); fight with (in. ± saha or sārdham); wage war on (ac.); vie with, be a match for (sārdham); seize (by, lc.); cs. cause to wage war against.
सम्०, collect, grasp, take up; contain; curb, govern; unstring (bow); compel; receive kindly; comprehend; des. wish to marry.
उप-सम्०, clasp (esp. the feet); apprehend, capture; conciliate, win; des. desire to clasp the feet of (ac.).
सह, take along with one.

√ग्लप् — GLAP, {•cf. ग्लै•} I.P. ग्लप॑, be distressed at (in.).

√ग्लह् — GLAH, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. ग्लहते, जग्लहे, ग्लहितुम् and ग्लाढुम्•} I.Ā. ग्लह, play at dice (with, in. or ac.).

√ग्लै — GLAI, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. (ep. also A.) ग्लायति, -ते, जग्लौ, ग्लास्यति, अग्लासीत्, ग्लातुम्; Caus. P. ग्लापयति or ग्लपयति•} I.P. ग्ला॑य (E. also Ā.) and II. P. ग्ला-ति, be loath or averse (with in. or d.); be relaxed, exhausted, or vexed; repine: pp. ग्लान॑, wearied, exhausted; torpid; cs. ग्ला̆पय, exhaust; exhaust; pain, distress; injure; macerate; cause to wane: pp. ग्लापित, withered.
परि०, pp. exhausted.
अभि-परि०, pp. id.

√घट् — GHAṬ, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•घट् or घण्ट्, cl. 1. A. घटते, जघटे, घटिष्यते, अघटिष्ट, घटितुम्; Caus. घटयति, -यितुम्•} I.Ā. घट, be zealous or active; work, strive for (ac., d., lc., or prati, -artham, -arthe); take place; be possible, succeed; be suitable or appropriate; accumulate; unite with (in.); cs. घटय, (Ā.) P. join, unite (with. in.); hug closely; place upon (lc.); fetch; make, fashion, produce; perform; do anything (ac.) for (g.): pp. घटित, made of (-°).
उद्०, cs. घाटय, open; uncover; disclose, betray; begin.
सम्-उद्०, cs. open; uncover the head = be able to show oneself in public.
परि०, cs. strike or sound (a musical instrument).
वि०, go or fly asunder, disperse, separate; be interrupted, marred, or frustrated; cs. -घाटय, tear, rend; separate; frustrate, ruin.
प्र-वि०, pp. hewn off; cs. disperse.
सम्०, assemble; cs. -घा̆टय, collect, assemble; strike, sound (a note).

√घट्ट् — GHAṬṬ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. and 10. P. घट्टते, घट्टयति, जघट्टे, घट्टितुम्•} I.Ā. (only with vi and sam) घट्ट, and cs. घट्टय, P. pass over, touch; shake, stir.
अव०, cs. touch; besmear; stir.
परि०, cs. rub all over (ear).
वि०, break; cs. disperse, scatter, sever; shake, rub against; open (door).
सम्०, grind; cs. cause anything (ac.) to rub against (in.); stir; touch, collect: pp. laid together, clasped (hands).

√घस् — GHAS, 🔗 {•(according to Pāṇini II. 4, 37, a defective verb only used to supply certain tenses of अद्, such as the Aor. and Desid.), cl. 2. and 1. P. घस्ति and घसति; Impf. 2nd sing. अघस् or अघत्; 2nd pl. अघस्त; Perf. जघस, जघसिथ, जघास; 3rd pl. जक्षुस् (Part. Perf. जक्षिवस्, fem. जक्षुषी); अघसत्, घत्स्यति, घस्तुम्; Desid. जिघत्सति; (cf. rt. जक्ष् and ग्रस्)•} II.P. घस्-ति, eat, devour; des. जिघत्स, wish to devour, - rob.

√घु — GHU, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. घवते, &c.•} cry out, shriek.

√घुट् — GHUṬ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. घुटति, जुघोट, घु-टितुम्, to strike again or retaliate, to resist, oppose; to protect, preserve; cl. 1. A. घोटते, जुघुटे, घोटिष्यते, अघुटत् and अघोटिष्ट, घोटितुम्, to come back, to return; to barter, exchange; cl. 6. P. घुडति, &c., to prevent, defend, protect•} only pp. घोटित with अव०, cushioned, and gd. -घुट्य, and pp. -घुट्-इत with वि‿आ०, returned.

√घुष् — GHUṢ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. घोषति, जुघोष, घोषिष्यति, अघोषीत् and अघुषत्, घोषितुम्; Caus. घोषयति, -यितुम्, अजूघुषत्; Desid. जुघुषिषति or जुघोषिषति; Intens. जोघुष्यते, जोघोष्टि•} I.P. (Ā.) घोष, resound; fill with sound; proclaim: pp. resounding, loud; offered; cs. घोष॑य, proclaim.
अनु०, name aloud.
अव०, proclaim: pp. offered; summoned.
आ०, listen to; proclaim.
उद्०, cs. cause to sound aloud; proclaim.
प्र‿उद्०, cs. proclaim.
वि०, id.
सम्०, only pp. -घुष्ट, resounding; offered.

√घूर्ण् — GHŪRṆ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. or 1. A. घूर्णति or घूर्णते, &c.; Caus. P. घूर्णयति, -यितुम्•} I. घार्ण, sway; rock, roll, quiver: pp. घूर्णित; cs. घूणय, roll.
अव०, roll.
आ०, wave; roll: pp. shaking; rolling.
वि०, rool; cs. move about (tr.).

√घृ — GHṚ, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. 3. 10. P. घरति, जिघर्ति, घारयति, जघार, घरिष्यति, अघार्षीत्, घर्तुम्, &c.; cl. 3. P., 5. P. A. जिघस्ति, घृणोति, -णुते, or घर्णोति, -णुते•} III.P. जिघर्-ति, sprinkle.
अभि०, pp. अभि॑-घृत, sprinkled.
प्रति॑‿अभि०, cs. -घारय, besprinkle repeatedly.
आ०, besprinkle; hurl.
वि०, pp. besprinkled.

√घृष् — GHṚṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. घर्षति, जघर्ष, घर्षिष्यति, घर्षितुम्; Caus. P. घर्षयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. घर्ष॑, rub, grind; Ā. rub oneself; ps. घृष्य, be ground or worn out: pp. घृष्ट, pounded; scratched, sore; cs. घर्षय, rub, grind.
अव०, rub off, wear away.
उद्०, id.; strike (a bell).
सम्०, rub away; vie with (saha).

√घ्रा — GHRĀ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P., ep. also cl. 1. A. and 2. P. जिघ्रति, -ते, घ्राति, जघ्रौ, घ्रा-स्यति, अघ्रात् and अघ्रासीत्, घ्रातुम्; Caus. P. घ्रापयति, अजिघ्रपत् and अजिघ्रिपत्; Desid. जिघ्रासति; Intens. जेघ्रीयते, जाघ्रेति and jāghrāti; du. जाघ्राति•} I.P. जिघ्र (E. also Ā. and II. P. घ्रा-ति), smell; smell at; perceive; kiss on (lc.): pp. घ्रात, smelt; having smelt. -°, having regard to - only.
अभि०, smell at, smell; kiss.
अव०, smell; kiss on (lc.).
आ०, smell; kiss.
उप‿आ०, id.
सम्-आ०, smell; smell at.
उप०, id.; kiss.

 चम   चल   चित 

√चक् — CAK, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. चकति, -ते, चचाक, चेके, अचकीत् and अचाकीत्, चकितुम्, to be satiated, to be contented, to be satisfied; to repel, resist; to shine (cf. कन् and 3. कम्); Caus. चकयति and चाकयति (?)•} tremble, only pp. चकित, trembling; frightened, startled; intimidated: -म्, ad. with alarm.
उद्०, pp. उच्चकित, looking up startled.
प्र०, pp. trembling; frightened, started.

√चकास् — CA-KĀS, 🔗 {•(cf. rt. काश्), cl. 2. P. चकास्ति, 3rd pl. चकासति, Impf. 2nd sing. अचकास् or अचकत्, 3rd sing. अचकात्, Impv. 2nd sing. चकाधि or चकाद्धि, Perf. चकासाञ्-चकार, 1st Fut. चकासिता, Aor. अचकासीत्; Caus. चकासयति, -यितुम्, Aor. अचीचकासत् or अचचकासत्; Desid. चिचकासिषति•} II.P. चकास्-ति, shine; cs. cause to shine.

√चक्ष् — CA-KṢ, 🔗 {•(perhaps a reduplicated form of काश् = क्शा, which according to some is the original root. According to Pāṇini the rt. चक्ष् can only be used in the conjugational tenses and optionally in the Perf. In the non-conjugational tenses and optionally in the Perf. the rt. ख्या is substituted), cl. 2. A. Pres. चष्टे, Perf. चचक्षे. Other forms are exceptionally found, e. g. 2nd sing. Pres. P. चक्षि, 2nd pl. Impv. P. (with आ) चक्षत, Impf. अचक्षम्, Aor. अचचक्षम्, Inf. चष्टुम्, Ved. Inf. चक्षे; Pass. चक्ष्यते. The rt. चक्ष् appears like ख्या, to combine the two distinct meanings of seeing and speaking•} II.Ā. (ca-k(ā)ś) च॑ष्-टे, (E. also) P. appear; see, look at; announce, tell, say.
अभि०, look at, behold; inspect; regard favourably.
अव०, look down upon (ac.); behold.
आ०, look upon; declare, propound; tell; call, say about (ac.); address; state; designate, mean; name, call.
प्रति‿आ०, decline; repulse; refute; answer (ac.).
वि‿आ०, recite; explain, elucidate.
सम्-आ०, report; declare.
परि०, overlook, disregard; reject; prohibit; name.
प्र०, tell; declare; regard as; name, call; cs. illumine.
प्रति०, see, perceive; expect.
वि०, appear shine; perceive, behold, regard; announce.
सम्०, behold; consider; report fully.

√चञ्च् — CAÑC, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. चञ्चति, चचञ्च, चञ्चितुम्, &c.•} I.P. चञ्च, hop, leap, dance; tremble, flicker.

√चट् — CAṬ, 🔗 🔗 {•(fr. rt. चत् and चल् and उच्-चट्), cl. 1. P. चटति, &c., to break, break off, fall off, separate; to rain; to cover; (in the last two senses a various reading for कट्): Caus. P. चाटयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. चट, take place, occur; get into, betake oneself to (lc.); be attached to (lc.): pp. चटित, attached to (-°).
उद्०, depart; cs. चाटय, drive out; dispel.

√चत् — CAT, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. चतति, -ते, occurring only in pres. part. and past. and fut. pass. part., Ved. to hide one's self; to go; to ask, beg, solicit (cf. चद्); Caus. P. A. चातयति, -ते, -यितुम्•} only pr. pt. ca̍tat and pp. चत्त॑, hide (int.); cs. चात॑य, drive away.
प्र०, वि०, cs. Ā. id.

√चन् — CAN, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. चनति, to sound, utter a sound; cl. 1. P. or Caus. चनति or चनयति, -यितुम्, to hurt, injure, wound, kill•} only aor. चनिष्ट॑म् and च॑निष्टत्, rejoice in (lc.); gladden.

√चन्द् — CAND, 🔗 {•(originally श्चन्द् ?), cl. 1. P. चन्दति; (only the Ved. part. of the Intens. चनिश्चदत् seems to occur)•} v. √श्चन्द् ŚCAND, shine.

√चप् — CAP, 🔗 🔗 √चम्प् CAMP, 🔗 [cl. 1. P. चपति, to caress, coax, soothe, or console; cl. 10. P. चपयति, &c., to grind, pound, knead; to cheat. cl. 10. P. चम्पयति, to go, move; (a various reading for छम्प्)•} tremble, waver.

√चम् — CAM, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. चमति, चचाम, अचमीत्, चमितुम्; Ved. cl. 5. P. चम्नोति, Pass. Aor. अचमि (used impersonally); Caus. चामयति; Desid. चिचमिषति; Intens. चञ्चम्यते or चञ्चन्ति•} I.P. चम, sip.
आ-चाम, sip (water); rinse the mouth with (in.); suck up, absorb, cause to vanish: pp. आ-चान्त, with act. and ps. mg.; cs. -चामय, cause to sip.
अनु‿आ-चाम, rinse the mouth again.
परि‿आ०, pp. with अन्न, food after which a guest prematurely sips water.

√चर् — CAR, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. (ep. also A.) चरति, -ते, चचार, चेरे, चरिष्यति, -ते, अचारीत्, चरि-तुम् (ep. चर्तुम्, Ved. चरध्यै, चरितवे, चरसे); Caus. चारयति, -यितुम्; Desid. चिचरिषति; Intens. चर्चरीति, चञ्चूर्यते, चञ्चुरीति, चञ्चूर्ति•} I.P. (Ā.) चर, int. move, go, wander, roam, spread, extend (of animate and inanimate objects); browse; behave, act, towards (in. or lc.), have to do with (in.); go on, live (with a., ad., or gd.); tr. wander through, traverse; pass along, follow; undertake, enter into; perform, practise; carry on (a dispute); emulate actions (vṛttam); assume a function (vratam); undergo, observe; commit (sin); make, produce; consume; feed on, graze on; spy out (only pp. -इत): pp. चरित, and चीर्ण; cs. चार॑य, cause to go, run, wander, or graze; despatch; put in motion; cause to perform; allow to have sexual intercourse, prostitute (a wife); des. चिचरिष or चिचरिष with to go or behave.
अति०, transgress; be unfaithful to (ac.).
अनु०, move about among (ac.); traverse; follow; cs. cause to be traversed by (in.).
अन्तर्०, move between or within, be in (ac., g., or lc.).
अप०, be wanting; transgress.
अभि०, trespass against, violate, be unfaithful to (ac.); bewitch (ac.).
प्रति‿अभि०, use witchcraft against (ac.).
वि‿अभि०, offend; fail; go beyond (ac.).
अव०, come down from (ab.); cs. employ.
आ०, approach (ac.); frequent; have recourse to (ac.); use, employ; behave, act; treat; associate with (saha); set about, perform, practise, follow, do; proceed to (inf.); sanction, prescribe (gr.).
अधि‿आ०, use, occupy (seat).
सम्-आ०, proceed, act (towards, lc.); associate with (in.); perform, observe, practise (towards, lc.); engage in (quarrels); gain (livelihood): दुरात् -, remove far away.
उद्०, rise (sun); sound, utter, pronounce (cs. id.); void excrement.
प्र‿उद्०, cs. pp. प्रोच्चारित, emitting sounds.
उप०, approach; serve, wait on; honour, worship; tend, groom; undertake; treat (medically); designate figuratively; ps. be employed or ascribed metaphorically (to lc.).
निस्०, come forth, appear, proceed.
वि-निस्०, proceed in all directions.
परा०, go away.
परि०, go round (ac.); serve, attend.
प्र०, come forth; reach (ac.); set about, perform; follow (occupations); treat patients; proceed, act.
वि०, move in different directions, spread, be diffused; move actively, sally forth, make an attack; rove; wander about in, traverse (ac.); proceed, act, live; go astray, be dissolute; practise, perform; cs. cause to go hither and thither; seduce; ponder, consider, hesitate, doubt; ascertain, decide: pp. doubtful; certain.
अनु-वि०, walk through.
प्र-वि०, advance; wander about; cs. ponder or examine duly.
सम्०, come together, join; wander about, walk; run (road); reach to (आ); enter, traverse, infest; move, live; pass over to (g.); cs. set in motion; let go; lead about; transfer, deliver.
अनु-सम्०, follow, go along.
अभि-सम्०, come together to (ac.).
उप-सम्०, enter.

√चर्च् — CARC, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 10. P. चर्चयति; cl. 1. or 6. P. चर्चति, &c.•} cs. चर्चय, P. repeat (a word in Vedic recitation, esp. with insertion of iti): pp. चर्चित, repeated; -°, covered with; bearing marks of.
वि०, pp. applied (ointment) to (lc.).

√चर्व् — CARV, 🔗 {•(cf. चूर्ण्); cl. 1. 10. P. चर्वति, चर्वयति, &c.; Pass. चर्व्यते•} cs. चर्वय, gnaw at, chew; taste: pp. चर्वित.

√चल् — CAL, 🔗 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•(cf. चट् and चर्), cl. 1. P. (sometimes A.) चलति, -ते, चचाल, चलिष्यति, अचालीत्, चलितुम्; Caus. P. चलयति or चालयति, -ते, -यितुम्; Pass. of Caus. चाल्यते; Desid. चिचलिषति; Intens. चञल्यते or चाचल्यते, चाचल्ति•} I.P. (Ā.) चल, move, sway, shake, tremble, quiver; move on, advance; go away, depart; be spread abroad (news); walk about; become agitated, disturbed, confused, or impaired; waver; swerve from (ab.): pp. चलित; cs. चलय, set in motion, stir, shake, cause to tremble; trouble, agitate; divert from, (ab.); चालय, drive away; shake; invalidate (a proposition); nudge; trouble, agitate.
उद्०, depart; set out; rise from a seal (ab.).
प्र‿उद्०, set out.
सम्-उद्०, start up together; set out together.
प्र०, become agitated, tremble, quake; stir, advance; rise (wind); spring up (from a seat); set out, depart, diverge from (ab.); cs. -चलय, move; -चालय, stir up.
वि०, waver; move; stir, advance; fall off or down; be agitated, disturbed, or impaired; swerve from (ab.) ; cs. -चलय, agitate; transgress (low); call in question; rescind.
प्र-वि०, swerve from, (ab.).
सम्०, tremble, quake; depart; cs. -चालय, set in motion; drive away.

√चाय् — CĀY, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. चायति, -ते; (cf. 2. चि)•} I. चाय, be shy (of ac.): Ā. be reverent; perceive, recognise.
नि०, worship; perceive.

√चि¹ — CI, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 5. P. A. चिनोति, -नुते, चिकाय and चिचाय, चिक्ये and चिच्ये, चेष्यति, -ते, अचैषीत्, चेतुम्; Caus. चाययति or चापयति, or चययति or चपयति; Desid. चिकीषति, and चिचीषति; Caus. of the Desid. चिचीषयति; Intens. चेचीयते•} V. चि-नो॑, arrange, pile; build up, esp. the sacrificial altar (P. if done by the priest, A. by the sacrificer himself); gather, collect; acquire, gain; bestrew, cover with (in.): pp. चित, covered, strewed, or studded with (in., -°); ps. increase, thrive; des. चि-चीष, wish to accumulate or acquire.
अनु०, pp. beset all along with branches (in.).
अप०, gather; ps. diminish, grow less, lose (ab.): pp. attenuated, thin.
अव०, gather (* from, 2 ac.).
आ०, heap up, accumulate; cover or load with (in.): pp. covered, bestrewn; studded or laden with (in. -°).
सम्-आ०, gather together, heap up; cover, load.
उद्०, gather.
अभि‿उद्०, comprehend in (lc.); go on to discuss.
सम्-उद्०, arrange; add; gather.
उप०, heap up, accumulate; augment; ps. grow, increase; be enriched, profit: pp. increased, enlarged, augmented; abundant; stout; prosperous; covered, loaded or provided with (in., -°).
सम्-उप०, heap up, collect; ps. increase; grow up: pp. abundant.
नि०, pp. heaped up; erected; covered, studded, or filled with (in., -°).
परि०, pile up; collect; acquire; ps. grow, increase: pp. gained, acquired; filled with (in.).
प्र०, gather; ps. increase: pp. covered or filled with (in., -°).
वि०, pick out, select, cull; divide; part (hair); distribute (booty).
सम्०, pile up; arrange; collect, accumulate, acquire: pp. filled or provided with (-°).

√चि² — CI, {•cl. 3. P., Ved. चिकेति, Impf. अचिकेत्, Impv. 2nd sing. चिकीहि, चिकाय; cl. 5. P. A. चिनोति, चिनुते &c. like 1. चि, to observe•} III.P. चिते॑ति (V.); V.P. Ā. चि-नो॑, perceive, observe; look for; search through (ac. for (ac.).
नि०, notice, observe.
निस्०, ascertain; decide; determine, fix; resolve; consider certain: pp. having made up his mind, resolved to (d., lc., -°); certain, decided, settled: -म्, ad. certainly.
वि-निस्०, ponder; decide definitively; take a final resolution: pp. quite certain, well settled: -म्, ad. most certainly or assuredly.
परि०, search through; find out, ascertain, recognise; become acquainted or familiarise oneself with; ps. be known: pp. known, familiar, accustomed; of frequent occurrence.
वि०, discern; discriminate, examine, search through; look for, seek; strive after.
प्र-वि०, search through: pp. tested, tried.
सम्०, reflect.

√चि³ — CI, {•cl. 1. A., Ved. चयते•} I.Ā. च॑य, abhor, hate; avenge; punish, take vengeance on (ac.).

√चित्¹— CIT, 🔗 🔗 {•(= कित्, which is by some regarded as a separate root; cf. केत, &c.; cf. also rt. चिन्त्), cl. 1. 3. P. चेतति, चिकेत्ति, चिचेत or चिकेत, चिकिते or चेकिते or चिचिते (Ved. 3rd pl. चि-कित्रे or चिकित्रिरे; Part. चिकितान or चेकितान), चेति-ष्यति, अचेतीत्; Leṭ, चिकेतति or चिकेतत्; चेत्तुम् or चेतितुम्; Pass. Aor. अचेति; Caus. P. A. चितयति Ved., and चेतयति, -ते, -यितुम्, केतयति, -यितुम्); Desid. P. A चिचितिषति, चिचेतिषति, चिकित्सति, -ते; Inf. चिकित्सितुम्; Caus. of the Desid. चिकित्सयति; Intens. चेचित्यते, चेचेत्ति•} I. चे॑त, (V.) perceive, observe, mark (ac., g.); intend (d.); desire; understand, know; appear; pf. चिकेत, has understood, knows; cs. चेत॑य, P. Ā. चित॑य, P. remind (of, d.); instruct; notice, observe; attend; Ā, reflect, meditate; understand; remember, be conscious of (ac.); appear, be conspicuous, shine; des. चिकित्स, intend; provide for (d.); treat medically, cure; cs. of des. चिकित्सय, cure; intv. चे॑कि(त्)ते, appear, shine forth: pt. चे॑कित्-अत्, चे॑कित्-आन.
आ०, observe, mark; understand, know.
प्र०, cs. make known; Ā. appear.
वि०, perceive; discern; comprehend; Ā. be visible, appear; des. doubt, be uncertain about; hesitate.
सम्०, survey; perceive; agree, be at one.

√चिन्त् — CINT, 🔗 {•cl. 10. P. चिन्तयति, -यितुम्, (according to some also cl. 1. P. चिन्तति, &c.)•} X.P. (Ā.) चिन्तय, think, reflect; think of (ac., E. also d., lc., or prati); regard, observe, pay attention to (with न, disregard); devise; treat, of discuss; bethink oneself; consider (with 2 ac.): irreg. pr. pt. Ā. चिन्तयान.
अनु०, recall, remember; think of, reflect on (ac.), ponder.
परि०, consider duly; reflect; think of (ac.); devise.
प्र०, think of, reflect on, contemplate; devise.
प्रति०, consider anew; remember.
वि०, discern; reflect; think of (ac.); consider, regard, mind; devise.
सम्०, reflect, ponder; duly consider or think of (ac.).

√चुट् — CUṬ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. 10. P. चुटति, चोटयति, &c., to cut off, pierce, divide; cl. 1. and 10. P. चोटति and चोटयति, to wane, become small or low or shallow; (cf. चुट्ट्, चुण्ट्, छुट्)•} cs. चोतय, ā, scratch.

√चुद् — CUD, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A., Ved. चोदति, -ते, अचोदीत्, &c.; Caus. P. (rarely A.) चोदयति, -ते, -यितुम्•} I. चोद, urge on, bring quickly, hasten; Ā. make haste; cs. चोदय, P. (Ā. rare) urge on, impel; cast the eye on (lc.); assist in, help to (d.); excite, stimulate; demand; require, prescribe; determine, ordain; object.
अभि०, cs. urge, stimulate, impel; order.
परि०, cs. urge; encourage; invite.
प्र०, cs. urge, impel; command, require, ask; proclaim: pp. चोदित, discharged (arrows).
सम्०, cs. impel, stimulate; invite.

√चुप् — CUP, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. चोपति, चुचोप, चोपि-ष्यति, चोपितुम्•} I.P. चोप, move, stir (int.).

√चुम्ब् — CUMB, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. चुम्बति, चुचुम्ब, चुम्बिष्यति, चुम्बितुम्; Caus. P. चुम्बयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. चुम्ब॑, kiss; touch immediately; cs. चुम्बय, cause to kiss.
उद्०, lift up and kiss.
परि०, kiss; be in close contact with (ac.).

√चुर् — CUR, 🔗 {•cl. 10. and (according to some) 1. P. चोरयति, अचूचुरत् &c., चोरति &c.•} X. चोरय, steal, appropriate; steal from (ac.): pp. चोरित.

√चुलुम्प् — CULUMP, {•cl. 1. P. चुलुम्पति, &c., to swing, rock; to cut (?), to disappear, to be lost (?)•} I.P. चुलुम्प, with उद्०, suck up.

√चूर् — CŪR, 🔗 {•cl. 4. A. चूर्यते, चुचूरे, चूरितुम्, to burn•} X.P. चूरय, steal.

√चूष् — CŪṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. चूषति, चुचूष, चू-षिष्यति, चूषितुम्; Pass. चूष्यते; Caus. चूषयति, -यितुम्•} ps. boil; fester; cs. चूषय, P. suck up.
निस्०, cs. suck out.

√चृत् — CṚT, 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. चृतति, चचर्त, चर्तिष्यति or चर्त्स्यति, चर्तितुम्; cl. 1. 10. P. चर्तति, चर्तयति, &c., to light, kindle; (a various reading for छृद्)•} VI.P. चृत, fasten together.
प्र०, वि०, loosen, untie, set free; pp. चृत्त.

√चेष्ट् — CEṢṬ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. चेष्टति, -ते, चि-चेष्टे, चेष्टिष्यते, चेष्टितुम्; Caus. P. A. चेष्टयति, -ते, -यितुम्•} I. चे॑ष्ट, move the limbs, kick, struggle; bestir oneself, be busy; act, do; frequent: pp. -इत; cs. चेष्टय, set in motion, impel to action.
अति०, exert oneself overmuch.
आ०, do, perform.
परि०, welter; wander about.
वि०, struggle; bestir oneself, act, towards (lc.); effect, produce; cs. set in motion; impel to action.
प्र-वि०, wander about.
सम्०, grow restless; proceed, act.

√च्यु — CYU, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. (ep. also P.) च्यवते, -ति, चुच्युवे, च्योष्यते, अच्योष्ट, च्योतुम्; Caus. P. च्यावयति, (in the Pada-pāṭha च्यवयति), -यितुम्; Desid. of Caus. चिच्यावयिषति and चुच्यावयिषति•} 1. Ā. च्य॑व (E. also P.), waver, move; depart or swerve from (ab.); be deprived of, lose (ab.); vanish, perish; fail; fall or drop, from (ab.); be ruined; sink to lower births; sink morally; put in motion, move: pp. च्युत॑, fallen from, deserted by, free from, devoid of (ab. or -°); cs. च्याव॑य or (rarely) च्यवय, shake; cause to fall; expel or take away from (ab.); cause to lose, deprive of (2 ac.); Ā. be shaken.
उद्०, cs. take out, extract.
परि०, fall, fly, or speed from (ab.); swerve from (ab.); lose, (ab.).
प्र०, proceed; depart from (ab.); be deprived of, lose (ab.); fall from (ab.); swerve from (ab.): pp. fallen, expelled, or swerving from, deprived of (ab. or -°); cs. shake; cause to fall; expel; dissuade from ab.
अनु-प्र०, set out after, follow (ac.).
वि०, depart; swerve from (ab.); be lost, fail.

√च्युत्² — CYUT, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. च्योतति, चुच्योत, च्योतिष्यति, अच्युतत् and अच्योतीत्, च्योति-तुम्•} I.P. च्योत, drop, drip; fall down.

√छद्¹ — CHAD, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 10. P. (ep. also A.) छादयति, -ते, -यितुम् (also said to form छन्दयति and cl. 1. P. छदति, but these forms do not seem to occur; in the Aitareya-Brāhmaṇa a form छदयति is found); Desid. चिच्छादयिषति•} of the simple stem only pp. छन्न, covered, concealed; obscured, eclipsed; unobserved, disguised; covert: -म् or -°, ad. secretly, tacitly; cs. छाद॑य, P. (E. also Ā). cover; spread (as a cover); conceal; protect.
अव०, pp. covered up; covered with (in.); cs. cover up; conceal, keep secret; pp. छादित.
आ०, cs. cover; conceal; obscure; clothe; put on (clothes, ac.: P. Ā.); dress oneself (Ā.).
उप०, pp. covered, concealed, hidden.
परि०, pp. covered; disguised in (-°); cs. cover.
प्र०, pp. covered; concealed; disguised; unobserved; secret: -म् or °-, privately, secretly; cs. cover; conceal; keep secret; envelope oneself in (in.).
प्रति०, pp. covered; shrouded, concealed, hidden; unrecognised; cs. envelope.
सम्०, pp. id.

√छद्² — CHAD, {•छद् or छन्द्, cl. 10. P. A. छदयति, -ते, -यितुम्, cl. 1. P. and 10. P. A., Ved. छन्दति, छन्दयति, -ते, चच्छन्द, Aor. अच्छान्, छन्तुम्; A. छन्दयते; P. छन्दयति•} X. छद॑य, √छन्द् CHAND, X. छन्द॑य, (V. E.) appear, seem; seem good; please; P. छन्दय, offer something (in.) to (ac. or rarely g.).
उप०, P. offer anything (in.) to (ac.); try to seduce (ac.).

√छन्द् — CHAND, 🔗 v. √2. CHAD.

√छर्द् — CHARD, 🔗 {•cl. 10. P. छर्दयति, -यितुम्, to vomit, be sick; (cf. छृद्)•} v. √CHṚD.

√छा — CHĀ, IV.P. छ्य॑-ति, cut off: pp. छात and छित॑.
अव०, draw off the skin, flay: pp. -छित॑, emaciated.
आ०, cut of; flay.
प्र०, puncture the skin.

√छिद् — CHID, 🔗 {•cl. 7. P. A. छिनत्ति, छिन्त्ते, चिच्छेद, चिच्छिदे, छेत्स्यति, -ते, अच्छि-दत् or अच्छैत्सीत्, अच्छित्त, छेत्तुम्; Pass. छिद्यते; Caus. P. छेदयति, यितुम्, Aor. अचिच्छिदत्; Desid. चिच्छित्सति, -ते; Intens. चेच्छिद्यते, चेच्छिदीति, चेच्छेत्ति•} VII. -छिन॑त्-ति, छिन्त्-ते, cut, lop off, hew down; tear, bite, or gnaw off; sever, break; pierce, make a hole in (wall); wound; divide; interrupt; destroy, remove; discharge (debt); ps. break (int.); disappear: pp. छिन्न, indented; bounded by (-°); lost: किं नश् छिन्नम्, what do we lose by that? cs. छेदय, P. (order to be cut off.
अन्तर्०, cut off, isolate.
अप०, sever.
अव०, repulse; ps. be separated from (ab.): pp. enclosed or bounded by (-°); determined, defined.
परि‿अव०, sever on all sides.
वि‿अव०, cut off; separate; interrupt; distinguish, determine.
आ०, cut; break; draw (sword); exclude from (ab.); take or spatch away; rob; interrupt; disregard.
अव‿आ०, deliver from (ab.).
उद्०, cut out or off; exterminate, destroy; ps. be interrupted, cease, fail, be lacking: pp. lost, wretched; cs. exterminate.
वि‿उद्०, ps. with act. endings, be interrupted, cease: pp. ended.
सम्-उद्०, exterminate.
परि०, cut off on both sides; determine accurately, weigh duly, ascertain: pp. limited.
प्र०, cut off; withdraw.
वि-प्र०, separate.
वि०, tear asunder; separate; interrupt, disturb: pp. disconnected; no longer existing; gd. -च्छिद्य, with interruptions.
सम्०, cut off; pierce; destroy, remove; solve (doubts).

√छुट् — CHUṬ, 🔗 🔗 {•(a various reading for चुट्), cl. 6. 10. P. छुटति, छोटयति, &c., to cut•} only with आ०, cs. pp. -छोटित, pulled; torn off.

√छुड् — CHUḌ, 🔗 {•(a various reading for थुड्), cl. 6. P. छुडति, &c., to cover•} only with प्र०, cs. P.
-च्छोदय, distend.

√छुर् — CHUR, 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. छुरति, चुच्छोर, छुरितुम्, &c., to cut, engrave, incise, etch; Caus. छुरयति and छोरयति, -यितुम्, to inlay, veneer, to set with mosaic ornaments; (cf. क्षुर्, cf. छेद•} cs. छुरय (छोरय, Buddhistic), inlay or cover with (in.): pp. छुरित, bestrewn or studded with (in., -°).
आ०, pp. clothed with (in.).
वि०, pp. bestrewn, covered, studded, or painted with (in., -°).

√छृद् — CHṚD, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 7. P. छृणत्ति, चच्छर्द, छर्दिष्यति or छर्त्स्यति, छर्दितुम्; P. and A. छृणत्ति, छृन्त्ते, &c., to play, shine; to vomit; cl. 1. P. छर्दति, &c.; Caus. छर्दयति; Desid. चिच्छर्दिषति, -ते, or चिच्छृत्सति, -ते; Intens. चरीच्छृद्यते, चरिच्छर्त्ति; (cf. छर्द्)•} VII.P. छृण॑त्-ति, vomit; cs. छर्दय, P. id. (ac.); cause to vomit.

 जि   जृ 

√जक्ष्¹ — JA-KṢ, 🔗 {•(probably a reduplicated form of घस्, q. v.), cl. 2. P. जक्षिति, 3rd pl. जक्षति; Impf. अजक्षीत् and अजक्षत् (Pāṇ. VII. 3, 98, 99), 3rd pl. अजक्षुस्; जजक्ष, जक्षिष्यति; Aor. अजक्षीत्, 3rd pl. अजक्षिषुस्; जक्षितुम् or जग्धुम्, (Pres. part. nom. sing. m. जक्षत्, Pāṇ. VII. 1, 78); Caus. जक्षयति, अजजक्षत्; Desid. जिजक्षिषति; Intens. जाजक्ष्यते, जाजष्टि•} (redupl. of jhas). II.P. जक्ष्-इ-ति, be hungry; eat; consume, devour: pp. जग्ध॑, eaten; consumed, exhausted (by, in.).

√जक्ष्² — JAKṢ, 🔗 {•(reduplicated fr. rt. हस्), cl. 2. P., Ved. jakṣiti, &c.•} (redupl. of has), laugh, only pr. pt. ज॑क्ष्-अत्, laughing.

√जन् — JAN, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. 3. P. जनति, जजन्ति, जजान, जनिष्यति, जनितुम्, to generate, beget, (in these senses Ved.); cl. 4. A. जायते, जज्ञे, जनिष्यते, अजनिष्ट and अजनि, जनितुम् (Ved. जनितोस्), to be born or produced, &c.; Caus. जनयति, -ते, अजीजनत्, जनयितुम् (Ved. जनयितवै); Desid. जिजनि-षति; Intens. जञ्जन्यते and जाजायते, जञ्जन्ति, जाजाति•} I. ग॑न (V.); IV.Ā. जाय E. also P.); P. and cs. जन॑य, tr. beget (by, lc.); bring forth, bear (to, ab.); generate, produce; make fruitful; cause to be (2 ac.); Ā., in. (E. also P.) be born; be produced, arise, grow; be by nature (2 nm.); be born again; be, become (with predicate in nm.); be changed into (d.); fall to the share of (g.); take place, be possible or admissible: pp. जात॑, born (by, lc.), begotten by (in., ab.); new-born; grown; sprung up, arisen (from, ab.); existing; become; happened; conducive to (d.); often °-a. = having -, e.g. जात-दन्त, a. having teeth (lit. having produced teeth), sts. -°, e.g. दन्त-जात, id.
अधि०, be born; be begotten (by, in.); become (nm.).
अनु०, be born afterwards; be born after (ac.); be born like (ac.): pp. similar by birth to (ac.); born again.
अप०, pp. degenerate (son.).
अभि०, be born or predestinated to, claim by birth (ac.); be born according to (ac.); be produced, be born; be born again (in transmigration); become; pp. nobly born; well-bred.
आ०, be born, be produced; cs. beget; make fruitful.
उप०, be born; be produced; arise, appear; be; be born again: pp. °-, a. in whom - has arisen = inspired with, seized by, filled with, having; cs. produce, cause; attempt.
सम्-उप०, cs. produce.
प्र०, be born; be produced, arise; procreate, bear; cs. propagate.
सं-प्र०, spring up, appear, arise; exist: pp. f. having calved.
प्रति०, be born again; spring up anew.
वि०, bring forth, breed.
सम्०, be born; arise; grow; appear; happen; become; pass, elapse: pp. often °- a. = having; cs. produce.
अभि-सम्०, arises.

√जप् — JAP, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. जपति, जजाप, जपिष्यति, अजपीत् and अजापीत्, जपितुम्; Caus. जापयति, -यितुम्, अजीजपत्; Desid. जिजपिषति; Intens. जञ्जप्यते, जञ्जपीति•} I. ज॑प-ति, जप-ते (rarer), repeat in an undertone, mutter or murmur (prayers); pray silently; intv. जञ्जप्य॑ते, mutter.
उप०, whisper to (ac., lc.); bring over to one's side by whispering, instigate to rebellion.
परि०, mutter over (ac.).
प्रति०, whisper back.

√जभ् — JABH, 🔗 🔗 √जम्भ् JAMBH, {•cl. 1. A. जभते or जम्भते, &c.; Caus. P. जम्भयति, -यितुम्; Intens. जञ्जभ्यते, जञ्जभीति•} snap at, seize with the mouth (only aor.); cs. जम्भ॑य, crush, destroy; intv. जञ्जभ्य॑ते, open the jaws, snap.

√जल्प् — JALP, 🔗 {•(cf. जप् and लप्), cl. 1. P. (ep. also A.) जल्पति, -ते, जजल्प, जल्पिष्यति, जल्पितुम्; Caus. P. जल्पयति, यितुम्•} I.P. ज॑ल्प, (E. also Ā.) murmur; speak, talk, converse with (in. ± sārdham); address (ac.): pp. जल्पित.
परि०, prate.
प्र०, speak; announce: pp. having begun to speak.
वि०, utter, speak.
सम्०, converse.

√जस् — JAS, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. P., cl. 4. P., Ved. जसते, -ति, जस्यति, जजास, जसितुम्, to be exhausted or tired; cl. 4. P. to set free, release, liberate, let loose; Caus. P. जासयति, -यितुम्, अजी-जसत्; cl. 10. 1. P. जासयति, जसति, &c.•} I.Ā. ज॑स, be exhausted; cs. जासय, P. exhaust, quench.
उद्०, cs. exterminate (ac., g.).

√जागृ — JĀ-GṚ, 🔗 {•cl. 2. P. जागर्ति, जजागार or जागराञ्-चकार, जागरिष्यति, जागरि-तुम्; Caus. जागरयति, Aor. Ved. 2nd and 3rd sing. अजीगर्, 2nd du. जिगृतम्, 2nd pl. जिगृत; Desid. जिजागरिषति•} intv. (of √gṛ) wake, be watchful; awake, be roused; watch over (lc.); cs. जागरय, rouse.

√जि — JI, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. जयति, -ते, जिगाय, जिग्ये, जेष्यति, -ते, अजैषीत्, अजेष्ट, जे-तुम् (Ved. Inf. जेतवे and जिषे); Pass. जीयते; Caus. जापयति, -यितुम्, Aor. अजी-जपत्; Pass. of Caus. जाप्यते; Desid. जिगीषति; Intens. जेजीयते, जेजयीति, जेजेति•} I.P. ज॑य, (Ā. chiefly with parā and vi) win, capture; vanquish, conquer; overcome (in battle, lawsuit, or play); surpass; subdue, master (passions, disease); slake (thirst); win from (2 ac.); be victorious (in play); worst (in a lawsuit); pr. जयति, impv. जय्-अतु, or pp. n. with in. long live -! cs. जापय, cause to win (2 ac.); des. जिगीष, P. Ā. desire to win, obtain, or conquer; be eager for prey.
अव०, take away from; deprive of; conquer; reconquer.
आ०, win, acquire.
उद्०, id.; conquer.
निस्०, gain; overcome, vanquish; surpass: pp. निर्जित, due (interest).
वि-निस्०, id.
परा०, (gnly. Ā.) overcome, vanquish, defeat; lose, be deprived of; succumb: pp. worsted, defeated, overcome; overwhelmed by (-°).
वि०, gnly. Ā. win; conquer; vanquish, defeat; surpass; control; be victorious; conquer in battle with (in.); impv. and pr. = long live -! des. strive for victory.
सम्०, gain; overpower; subdue.

√जिन्व् — JINV, 🔗 {•(connected with जीव् and जू ?): cl. 1. P., Ved. जिन्वति, जिजिन्व, जिन्वि-ष्यति, जिन्वितुम्; cl. 10. P. जिन्वयति, a various reading for जुञ्च्•} (V.) I.P. (Ā.) जिन्व, V.P. जि-नो॑-ति (only with pra), stir, hasten; quicken, stimulate; help, further.
प्र०, quicken.

√जीव् — JĪV, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. (poet. also A.) जीवति, -ते, जिजीव, जीविष्यति, जीवितुम्; Caus. P. (ep. also A.) जीवयति, -ते, -यितुम्; (a Causal form जीवापयति occasionally occurs, meaning 'to restore to life'); Desid. जिजीविषति (Ved. जुज्यूषति or जिज्यूषति)•} I.P. (Ā.) जीव, live, be or remain alive; return to life (± punar); live on, maintain oneself by (in.); impv. long life to you! pr. pt. जीवत्, living, alive: जिवन् गच्छति, goes on living, remains alive: pp. जीवित, living, alive (rare in this sense); cs. जीव॑य, P. (A.) cause to live, revive; save or spare the life of; maintain, bring up; wish long life to: pp. जीवित, revived; des. जिजिविष, P. (Ā.) wish to live; seek a livelihood, try to maintain oneself (by, in.).
अति०, survive; live better than (ac.).
अनु०, live like (ac.); live for, be devoted to (ac.); live upon, be maintained by (ac.); cs. revive.
आ०, exist by; use.
उद्०, return to life; cs. revive.
प्रति‿उद्०, return to life: pp. revived; cs. revive.
उप०, maintain oneself; live on or be dependent on; make use of, practise: वृत्तिन् -, gain one's livelihood; gd. उपजिव्य, in dependence on, on account of (ac.); cs. make use of exploit.
सम्०, live; return to life; cs. revive; keep alive, support.

√जुर् — JUR, {•(related to 1. जॄ), cl. 6. 4. P., Ved. जुरति, जूर्यति, जुजोर (?), &c.; also जूर, cl. 4. A. जूर्यते•} (V.) P. VI. जुर॑, IV. जू॑र्य, age, decay, perish: pp. जूर्ण॑, decrepit, old.

√जुष् — JUṢ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. A. (ep. also P.) जुषते, -ति, जुजुषे, जोषिष्यते, अजोषिष्ट, जो-षितुम्; Caus. जोषयति, -ते, -यितुम्; Desid. जुजुषिषते or jujoṣiṣate; Intens. जुजोषिषते•} VI. जुषु॑, taste with pleasure, relish, hear favourably, like, rejoice in, enjoy (ac., g.); be pleased: with तन्व॑स्, enjoy oneself, be glad; cs. जोष॑य, Ā. (P.) like, love, caress; approve.
अनु०, visit any one (ac.).
अभि०, be fond of; visit, frequent.
प्र०, pp. delighting in (lc.).
प्रति०, be tender towards (ac.); rejoice in (ac.).

√जू — JŪ, {•(or according to the Dhātu-pāṭha जु), cl. 1. P. A., 9. P. जवति, -ते, जुनाति, &c.•} (V.) I.Ā. ज॑व, IX.P. जुन॑, speed; urge, inspire; further: pp. जूत॑.
प्र०, speed onwards.

√जूर्व् — JŪRV, {•(connected with rt. ज्वर्): cl. 1. P., Ved. जूर्वति, &c.; cf. also rt. ज्वल्•} I.P. जूर्व, consume with heat, scorch, burn.

√जृ¹ — JṚ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. जरति, &c.•} I.Ā. ज॑र, (v.) crackle (of fire); call, invoke.

√जृ² — JṚ, I.Ā. ज॑र, (V.) awake; move, approach.

√जृम्भ् — JṚMBH, 🔗 {•जृभ् or जृम्भ्, cl. 1. A. (poet. also P.) जृम्भते, -ति, or जर्भते, जजृम्भे, जृम्भिष्यते, जृम्भितुम्; Caus. जृम्भयति, -यितुम्•} I.Ā. (P.) जृ॑म्भ, yawn; open; spread, increase; arise; revive, take courage; be at ease.
उद्०, open wide; arise, appear.
सम्-उद्०, spread; endeavour (to, inf.).
वि०, yawn; increase; expand; arise, appear: pp. -जृम्भित, yawning; expanded, blossomed, flowering.
सम्०, appear.

√जॄ — JṜ, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 4. 9. 1. P. जीर्यति, जृणाति, जरति, जजार, जरिष्यति and जरीष्यति, अजारीत् and अजरत्, जरितुम् and जरीतुम्; cl. 10. P. जारयति, यितुम्; Caus. P. जरयति, -यितुम्; Desid. जिजरिषति, जिजरीषति, जिजीर्षति; Intens. जेजीर्यते, जाजर्ति•} I.P. ज॑र, (V.) make old, wear out; IV.P. (Ā. rare) ज॑र्य, grow old or frail, decay, be worn out, pass away, dissolve, be digested: pp. जीर्ण॑, old, decrepit; decayed; worn out, faded, withered; rotten, tumble-down; digested; cs. जर॑य, cause to grow old, wear out.

√जेह् — JEH, 🔗 {•(related to जभ् and जृभ्), cl. 1. A., Ved. जेहते, जिजेहे, जेहिष्यते, जेहितुम्; Caus. जेहयति, अजिजेहत्•} I.Ā. जेह, gape; pant.

√ज्ञा — JÑĀ, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 9. P. A. जानाति, जानीते, जज्ञौ, जज्ञे, ज्ञास्यति, -ते, अज्ञासीत्, अज्ञास्त, ज्ञातुम्, [irreg. forms, जानथ for जानीथ Mahābh. II. 842, जानत for जानीत II. 2397, जिजाहि for जाज्ञाहि = जानीहि, know thou, XIII. 4495, अभ्यनुजानिथास् for अभ्यन्वजानीथास् XIV. 1641, जानमान pres. part.; Caus. ज्ञापयति or ज्ञपयति, -यितुम्, Aor. अजिज्ञपत्; Desid. A. जिज्ञासते (ep. also P.); Desid. of Caus. जिज्ञासते and जिज्ञपयिषति and ज्ञीप्सति; Pass. of Desid. of Caus. ज्ञीप्स्यते; Intens. जाज्ञायते, जाज्ञाति, जाज्ञेति•} IX. जा-ना॑, -न्, know; be acquainted with, have knowledge of, recognise (by, in.); perceive; learn, ascertain; approve, know to be, consider, assume, suppose (2 ac.); become acquainted with (g.); remember (g.); know how to (inf.); Ā. *have to do with: जाने (used parenthetically), I know; न ज्ञ॑, know nothing of, disregard; क एवं जानीते, with ft. who knows but? मृषा ज्ञा, consider untrue: pp. ज्ञात॑, known; thought; understood, learned, experienced; considered (nm.); मया ज्ञातम्, I thought; cs. ज्ञा̆पय, teach, instruct, inform; declare, report, make acquainted with (2 ac.): pp. ज्ञपित; cs. जिज्ञास, Ā. (E. also P.) wish to know, learn, or understand; investigate, test; ascertain; des. cs. ज्ञीप्स, P. wish to make acquainted with (2 ac.).
अनु०, grant; promise; approve; admit; follow; pardon any one (g.); authorise, permit, give leave to (ac.); permit to depart, dismiss; cs. ask any one (ac.) for permission; take leave of (ac.).
अभि‿अनु०, grant anything (ac.) to (g.); permit to (inf.); assent to, approve; authorize; dismiss; take leave of (ac.).
सम्-अनु०, dismiss; cs. take leave of (ac.).
अभि०, understand, perceive, know; recognise or regard as (2 ac.); *remember (with ft.).
प्रति‿अभि०, recognise; understand; regain consciousness; cs. recall to mind.
अव०, look down upon, despise, disregard; surpass; deny: pp. accompanied with contempt.
आ०, mark, observe; perceive, hear; understand; consider; cs. command; order any one (ac.) to (d., lc.).
सम्-आ०, recognise, observe: pp. known as (nm.); cs. command.
उप०, devise.
सम्-उप०, id.
निस्०, distinguish, find out.
परि०, carefully observe, ascertain; know fully; recognise as (2 ac.): pp. known; known as (-°).
प्र०, discern, recognise; find out; understand, know about: pp. known; well known; known as (nm.); common; cs. show the way; betray.
अनु-प्र०, find out the way alter.
प्रति०, admit; promise something (ac.) to (d., g.); confirm, affirm, answer (Ā.); assert; discuss (Ā.); recognise; learn: सत्यं -, promise solemnly.
सं-प्रति०, promise.
वि०, distinguish, discern; understand; know exactly; gain knowledge; learn (from, g.); find out, ascertain; consider (the fate of); observe that (2 ac. or yad); recognise in (lc.); look upon as (2 ac.); ps. विज्ञायते, it is recognised = prescribed (by authorities): मा विज्ञायि, let this (nm.) not be regarded as; cs. declare, - to be (2 ac.); make known, announce; address; request, ask (regarding, -artham, prati, or d.); inform about (2 ac.).
अभि-वि०, learn perceive.
प्रति-वि०, gratefully acknowledge.
सं-वि०, agree; advise; cs. recite.
सम्०, Ā. agree with (lc., *in., *ac.); Ā. obey (d.); cs. appease, satisfy; quiet (sacrificial animal); make signs to (ac.).

√ज्या¹ — JYĀ, 🔗 {•cl. 9. P., 4. A. जिनाति, जीयते, जिज्यौ, जिज्ये, ज्यास्यति, -ते, अज्यासीत्, ज्या-तुम्, (in the Veda often connected with rt. हन्, e. g. जीयते हन्ति; cl. 9. P. to become old; Caus. ज्यापयति; Desid. P. जिज्यासति; Intens. जेजीयते, जाज्याति•} IX.P. जि॑ना, overpower; oppress; deprive of (2 ac.); ps. जी॑य or जीय: pp. jīta̍.

√ज्युत् — JYUT, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. P. ज्योतते, -ति, to shine; Caus. P. ज्योतयति, -यितुम्•} I.Ā. ज्योत, shine; cs. P. ज्योत्-अ॑य, illumine.

√ज्रि — JRI, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. ज्रयति, &c., to overpower, conquer; to go•} I.P. ज्र॑य, with उप०, go to (ac.).

√ज्वर् — JVAR, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. ज्वरति, जज्वार, ज्वरि-ष्यति, अज्वारीत्, ज्वरितुम्; Caus. P. ज्वरयति, -यितुम्; Desid. जिज्वरिषति; Intens. जाज्वर्यते, जाजूर्ति•} I.P. ज्वर, be hot; cs. ज्वर्-अय, cause to be feverish.
सम्०, be distressed.

√ज्वल् — JVAL, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. (ep. also A.) ज्वलति, -ते, जज्वाल, ज्वलिष्यति, अज्वालीत्, ज्वलि-तुम्; Caus. P. ज्वालयति and ज्वलयति, -यितुम्; Desid. जिज्वलि-षति; Intens. जाज्वल्यते, जाज्वल्ति•} I.P. (E. also Ā.) ज्व॑ल, blaze, burn, flame, glow, flash; be red-hot: pp. ज्वलित, flaming, blazing, flashing, shining; cs. ज्वलय, ज्वालय, kindle; illuminate; intv. जा- ज्वलति or जाज्वल्यते, blaze powerfully; shine brilliantly.
उद्०, flare up; cs. set aflame, kindle; illuminate.
प्र०, begin to blaze or flash: pp. flaming, blazing; shining; cs. kindle.
अभि-वि०, shine towards.
सम्०, blaze; cs. -ज्वाल्-अय, kindle.

√झट् — JHAṬ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. झटति, &c.•} only with उद्०, pp. उज्झटित, thrown into confusion.

√झण् — JHAṆ, I.P. झण, sound.

√झर् — JHAR, 🔗 🔗 pr. pt. झर्-अत्, flowing down.

√टल् — ṬAL, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. टलति, टटाल, &c.•} I.P. ṭala, be confused.

√टीक् — ṬĪK, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. टीकते, &c., to go or move; cl. 10. P. टीकयति, &c., to explain, make clear•} I.Ā. ṭika, trip along; cs. टीकय, explain, elucidate.

√डम् — ḌAM, {•cl. 1. P. डमति, &c.•} I.P. डम, sound (of a drum).

√डम्ब् — ḌAMB, {•cl. 10. P. डम्बयति, &c.•} I. or X.P. विडम्ब, imitate, vie with;
-डम्बय, deride; deceive: pp. -डम्बित.

√डी — ḌĪ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. 4. A. डयते, डीयते, डिड्ये, डयिष्यते, अडयिष्ट, डयितुम्; Caus. P. डाययति, -यितुम्, अडीडयत्; Desid. डिडयिषते; Intens. डेडीयते, डेडयीति or डेडेति•} I.Ā. ḍaya, IV.Ā. ḍī̍ya, fly.
उद्०, fly up: उड्डीन.
प्र‿उद्०, fly up and away.
प्र०, fly up.

√ड्वल् — ḌVAL, {•Caus. P. ड्वालयति, &c.; cf. rt. ट्वल् 🔗•} with आ०, cs. -ड्वालय, P. mix.

√ढौक् — ḌHAUK, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. ढौकते, डु-ढौके, ढौकिष्यते, अढौकिष्ट, ढौकितुम्; Caus. ढौ-कयति, -यितुम्, अडुढौकत्; Desid. डुढौकिषते; Intens. डोढौक्यते•} I.Ā. ढौक, approach (ac.): इतो ढौकस्व, come here; cs. ढौक्-अय, P. bring near to (g.); procure; offer to (d.).
उप०, cs. offer; prepare.

 तप   तु   तॄ 

√तंस् — TAṂS, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A., Ved. तंसते, ततस्रे, &c.; Caus. P. तंसयति, -यितुम्; cl. 1. 10. P. तंसति, तंसयति•} pour out (desires); cs. तंसय, P. shake.

√तक् — TAK, 🔗 {•cl. 1. 2. P., Ved. तकति, तक्ति, तताक, तकिष्यति, अतकीत् and अताकीत्, तकितुम्•} II.P. rush: pp. तक्त॑, rushing along.

√तक्ष् — TAKṢ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. 5. P. (sometimes A.) तक्षति, -ते, तक्ष्णोति, -णुते, ततक्ष, -षे, तक्षिष्यति or तक्ष्यति, -ते, अतक्षीत्, तक्षितुम् or तष्टुम्; Caus. तक्षयति, -यितुम्, अततक्षत्; Desid. तितक्षिषति or तितक्षति (?); Intens. तातक्ष्यते, तातष्टि•} I. त॑ख्स, V.P. तक्ष्णो, hew, carve; split; fashion (esp. of wood); make, create; invent, in. V. often of the artistic work of the Ṛbhus: pp. तष्ट.
आ०, procure.
परि०, cut to pieces.

√तञ्च् — TAÑC, 🔗 🔗 {•तञ्च् or तञ्ज्, cl. 7. P. तनक्ति, ततञ्च, तङ्क्ष्यति and तञ्चिष्यति, अताङ्क्षीत् and अतञ्चीत्, तङ्क्तुम् and तञ्चितुम्; Caus. तञ्चयति, -यितुम्; Desid. तितङ्क्षति or तितञ्चिषति; Intens. तातच्यते, तातङ्क्ति•} VII.P. तन॑क्ति, contract.

√तट् — TAṬ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. तटति, &c., to rumble, groan; to be raised or elevated, rise; cl. 10. P. ताटयति, to beat, strike; (a various reading for तड्)•} I.P. तट॑, groan.

√तड् — TAḌ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 10. P. ताडयति, -यितुम्, अती-तडत् (redupl. perf. तताड)•} cs. ताडय, P. strike, beat; chastise; wound.
परि०, cs. belabour with (in.).
प्र०, cs. strike down.
वि०, cs. wound; strike against (lc.).

√तन्¹ — TAN, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 8. P. A. तनोति, तनुते, ततान (2nd sing. ततन्थ or तेनिथ), तेने, तनिष्यति, -ते, अतानीत् and अतनीत्, अतत and अतनिष्ट, तनितुम्; Pass. तन्यते or तायते; Caus. तानयति, -यितुम्, अतीतनत्; Desid. तितनिषति, तितंसति, तितांसति; Intens. तन्तन्यते, तन्तनीति, तन्तन्ति•} VIII. तन्-ओ॑, stretch; extend; reach; cover; shine afar; continue, endure; spread out (web); propagate; augment, increase; direct (steps); utter; perform (rites); make, render (2 ac.): तत, spread out, extended; wide; covered with (in., -°).
अति०, pp. very haughty.
अधि०, string (a bow): pp. covered with (in.).
अभि०, extend over (ac.).
अव०, descend; spread over, cover; relax.
आ०, spread over, pervade; illumine; stretch oneself, strain or strive towards (ac.); gain a footing (padam); spread out, stretch; diffuse, effuse; produce, cause; display, betray: pp. आतत, extended; distended, taut.
अभि‿आ०, get into one's power.
वि‿आ०, produce, cause.
सम्-आ०, id.
नि०, penetrate; cause to take root.
परि०, clasp; surround.
प्र०, spread; diffuse; cause; show; make, render (2 ac.).
वि०, spread; cover, pervade, fill; stretch out, extend; draw (bow or bowstring); string (bow); make steps (padāni) = stride; put in front (yoke); apply ointment to (lc.); arrange, perform, carry out (rites etc.); display; cause, produce; make, render (2 ac.): pp. extended; extensive, wide.
प्र-वि०, pp. extended; far-spreading; wide.
सम्०, make continuous; uninterrupted, continuous; connected.

√तन्² — TAN, {•तन् (= स्तन् 🔗), cl. 4. P., Ved. तन्यति•} IV.P. तन्य, (v.) roar, resound.

√तन्द् — TAND, {•cl. 1. A., Ved. तन्दते, &c.•} I.Ā. तन्द, relax, flag.

√तप् — TAP, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. (rarely A.) तपति, -ते, तताप, तप्स्यति (ep. also तपिष्यति), अताप्सीत्, तप्तुम्; cl. 4. P. तप्यति (rarely used); Pass. तप्यते (often with तपस्; Caus. P. A. तापयति, -ते, -यितुम्; Desid. तितप्सति, -ते; Intens. तातप्यते, तातप्ति•} I.P. (Ā.) तप, be warm or hot, shine (of the sun); heat, warm, make hot; illuminate; scorch, burn; torment, distress; suffer pain; mortify the flesh; do penance (often with the ac. tapas): ps. तप्य॑ or IV. P. Ā. त॑प्य, be heated, burn (int.); be purified; suffer; feel remorse; mortify the flesh, do penance (often with ac. tapas): pp. तप्त॑, hot, glowing; molten; tortured, distressed; performed (penance); having mortified the flesh (with tapas); cs. तापय, heat; scorch; torment, distress.
अनु०, ps. suffer pain; grieve, feel remorse; cs. cause to grieve, distress.
अभि०, warm, heat; illuminate (of the sun); pain, torment, distress; ps. feel pain, suffer; cs. scorch.
अभि‿आ०, torment.
उद्०, heat; torment, afflict: pp. उ॑त्तप्त, heated, glowing; purified (metal); filled with pain (-°).
उप०, suffer pain, feel unwell; ps. id.; cs. afflict.
निस्० (niṣ-ṭap), scorch; purify (gold.).
परि०, ps. suffer pain; cs. torment: pp. तापित.
प्र०, P. be hot, burn, shine (sun); warm, heat, illuminate; display one's splendour; torment with heat, torture, harass; cs. warm, heat.
सं-प्र०, pp. greatly distressed.
प्रति०, heat.
सम्०, heat; feel pain or remorse; torment with heat, torture; ps. feel pain, suffer; cs. warm, heat; torment by heat; distress, afflict.

√तम् — TAM, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. (rarely A.) ताम्यति, ताम्यते, तताम, तमितुम्; Caus. तमयति, -यितुम्•} IV.P. (Ā.) ता॑म्य, become breathless, choke; faint; be exhausted or distressed; be beside oneself; become rigid: pp. तान्त॑, distressed.
आ०, be beside oneself, be at a loss what to do; become rigid.
उद्०, become faint; be distressed.
नि०, pp. नितान्त, q. v.
सम्०, become exhausted.

√तर्क् — TARK, 🔗 {•cl. 10. P. (ep. also A.) तर्कयति, -ते, तर्कयामास, तर्कयितुम्•} X.P. (Ā.) तर्कय, suppose, surmise; express one's supposition; speculate on, form an idea of (ac.); conjecture; take to be (2 ac.); reflect; think of, have in one's thoughts; have a mind or intend to (inf.).
वि०, suppose, conjecture, think; speculate, reflect; infer.

√तर्ज् — TARJ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. (ep. also A.) तर्जति, -ते, ततर्ज, तर्जितुम्; Caus. P. (ep. also A.) तर्जयति, -ते, -यितुम्•} I.P. (Ā.) तर्ज, threaten; cs. तर्जय, menace; abuse; terrify; ridicule.
अभि०, cs. revile; cs. id.
परि०, menace.
वि०, cs. threaten; revile.
सम्०, cs. threaten; abuse; terrify.

√तिज् — TIJ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A., Ved. तेजति, -ते, Ved. Inf. तेजसे; Caus. P. तेजयति, -यितुम्; Desid. A. तितिक्षते, to desire to become sharp or firm, to resist, oppose, to bear with firmness, suffer with courage or patience, endure, bear; Intens. Ved. तेतिक्ते•} I.Ā. तिज, be sharp; sharpen: pp. तिक्त; cs. तेजय, P. sharpen; urge, stir up: तेजित, sharpened, pointed; des. तितिक्ष, P. (Ā.) endure, bear patiently.
उद्०, cs. spur or urge on.

√तिम् — TIM, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. तिम्यति, तितेम, &c.; Intens. तेतिम्यते•} IV.P. तिम्य, become still: pp. तिमित, motionless; wet.

√तु — TU, 🔗 {•cl. 2. P., Ved. तवीति and तौति, तूताव, तोतुम् and तवितुम्; Caus., Ved. (only used in Aor. तूतोत्)•} II.P. तव्-ई-ति, be powerful, prevail.

√तुज् — TUJ, 🔗 🔗 {•तुज् or तुञ्ज् 🔗, cl. 1. 6. P., Ved. तो-जति, तुजति, तुतोज, तोजितुम्, or cl. 1. P. तुञ्जति, तुतुञ्ज, तुञ्जितुम्, Ved. Inf. तुजसे; Pass. तुज्यते, &c.; Caus. तुजयति, -यितुम्, Ved.; (cf. तूतुजान); तुञ्जयति or तोजयति, -यितुम्•} VI. तुज॑ or तुञ्ज॑, strike; push; incite, stimulate; cs. तुज॑य, P. move swiftly (int.).

√तुद् — TUD, 🔗 {•cl. 6. P. A. तुदति, -ते, तुतोद, तुतुदे, तोत्स्यति, -ते, अतौत्सीत्, अतुत्त, तोत्तुम्; Caus. तोदयति, -यितुम्, अतूतु-दत्; Desid. तुतुत्सति, -ते; Intens. तोतुद्यते, तोतोत्ति; (cf. rt. तुन्द्, तोत्त्र, तोद)•} VI, P. तुद॑, strike; push; pound; sting; goad: pp. तुन्न॑; cs. तोदय, goad; intv. तोतुद्यते, be goaded.
आ०, strike against; peck, bite; urge on.
प्र०, strike; cs. urge.
वि०, prick.

√तुर् — TUR, 🔗 {•(connected with rts. तॄ, त्वर्, and तूर्): cl. 6. P. A., Ved. तुरति, -ते, &c.; cl. 3. P., Ved. तुतोर्ति; Caus. तुरयति, -यितुम्; Desid., Ved. तूतूर्षति; Intens. A., Ved. in the part. तर्तुराण; (cf. rt. त्वर्)•} VI. तुर॑, hasten, press onward, race; cs. तुर॑य, id.

√तुर्व् — TURV, {•(cf. rt. 1. तुर्); cl. 1. P., Ved. तूर्वति, तुतूर्व, तूर्वितुम्; (cf. तूर्वयाण and तूर्वि)•} I.P. तूर्व, overcome, overpower; help to victory, deliver.

√तुल् — TUL, 🔗 {•(cf. rt. तूल्), cl. 10. P. A. (according to Vopa-deva also cl. 1. P.) तोलयति or तुलयति, -ते, (the form तोलयति is rarely used in the metaphorical sense), तोलति, अतूतुलत्, -यितुम्•} X.P. तोलय and तुलय, lift; weigh; ponder; scrutinise; suspect; compare with, make equal to (in.); counterbalance, equal, attain (ac.): pp. तुलित.
उद्०, raise (ac.); weigh.
सम्०, weigh together.

√तुश् — TUŚ, {•cl. 1. A., Ved. तोशते, &c., to drip, trickle; sprinkle; (cf. तोश and तोशस्); तुश् (for तुष्?), cl. 1. A., Ved. तो-सते, &c.•} I.Ā. तो॑श, (V.) drip; sprinkle.

√तुष् — TUṢ, 🔗 {•(cf. rt. 1. जुष्), cl. 4. P. (ep. also A.) तुष्यति, -ते, तुतोष, तोक्ष्यति, अतुषत्, तोष्टुम्; Caus. P. तोषयति, -यितुम्; Desid. तुतुक्षति; Intens. तोतुष्यते, तोतोष्टि•} IV.P. (Ā.) be calmed; be satisfied, pleased, or content with, rejoice in (in., d., g., lc., prati); satisfy: pp. तुष्ट, content, satisfied, pleased; cs. तोषय, appease; satisfy, gratify, gladden (ac.) with (in.): pp. तोषित, satisfied or gladdened by (in. or -°).
उप०, cs. P. satisfy with (in. परि,) be much pleased with (in. or lc.): pp. completely satisfied; very glad or cheerful; gd. -तुष्य, for joy; cs. appease or satisfy completely, gratify greatly (with, in.).
सम्०, be calmed; feel satisfied with, rejoice in (in.): pp. satisfied, content (with, in., -°); cs. P. satisfy, gratify, gladden, present with (in.).

√तृद् — TṚD, 🔗 {•(cf. rt. तर्द्), cl. 7. P. A. तृ-णत्ति, तृन्त्ते or तृन्ते, ततर्द, ततृदे, तर्दिष्यति, -ते, and तर्त्स्यति, -ते, अतृदत् and अतर्दीत्, अतृत्त, तर्दितुम्; cl. 1. P. तर्दति; Caus. तर्दयति, -यितुम्, अततर्दत् and अतीतृदत्; Desid. तितर्दिषति, -ते, and तितृत्सति, -ते; Intens. तरी-तृद्यते, तरीतर्त्ति•} VII. तृणत्ति, तृन्त्ते, split, cleave, pierce; open, set free: pp. तृण्ण.

√तृप् — TṚP, 🔗 🔗 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 4. 5. 6. P. तृप्यति, तृप्नोति (Ved. तृप्णोति), तृपति or तृम्पति, ततर्प; तर्पिष्यति, तर्प्स्यति, त्रप्स्यति; अतृ-पत्, अतर्पीत्, अतार्प्सीत्, अत्राप्सीत्; तर्प्तुम्, त्रप्तुम्, तर्पितुम्; cl. 1. P. तर्पति, &c.; Caus. P. A. तर्पयति, -ते, -यितुम्, Aor. अतीतृपत् and अततर्पत्; Desid. तितृप्सति, तितर्पिषति; Desid. of the Caus. तितर्पयिषति; Intens. तरीतृप्यते, तरीतर्प्ति and तरीत्रप्ति•} IV. तृ॑प्य; V.P. तृप्णोति (V.); VI. P. तृम्प॑ति (V.), become satiated, be satisfied (with, in., g., lc.); partake of, enjoy (ab.): pp. तृप्त॑, satisfied with (in., g., -°); cs. तर्प॑य, satisfy; refresh; please, gladden; des. of cs. तितर्पयिष, wish to satisfy or refresh.
प्र०, cs. satisfy; strengthen, invigorate.
सम्०, refresh oneself with (g.); cs. satisfy, refresh, gladden.

√तृष् — TṚṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. तृष्यति, ततर्ष (Ved. 3rd pl. तातृषुस्, part. तातृषाण), अतर्षत्, तर्षितुम्; Caus. तर्षयति, -यितुम्•} IV.P. तृ॑ष्य, be thirsty: pp. तृषित, thirsty; greedy.

√तृह् — TṚH, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•तृह् or तृंह्, cl. 6. 7. P. तृहति or तृंहति, तृणेढि, ततर्ह, तर्हिष्यति and तर्क्ष्यति, अतर्हीत् and अतृक्षत्, तर्हितुम् and तर्ढुम्; Caus. तर्हयति; Desid. तितर्हिषति, तितृक्षति, तितृंहिषति; Intens. तरीतृह्यते, तरीतर्ढि•} VII.P. तृणेढि (V.), crush: pp. तृढ॑ or तृळ्ह॑.

√तॄ — TṜ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. (ep. also A., Ved. also cl. 6.) तरति, -ते, ततार (2nd sing. तेरिथ, 3rd du. तेरतुस्, 3rd pl. तेरुस्), तरिष्यति or तरीष्यति, अतारीत्, तरितुम् or तरीतुम् or तर्तुम्; (the following are Vedic forms, some of them occurring also in epic poetry; तिरति when preceded by prep.; तितर्ति, part. तित्रत्; तीर्यति, -ते; तुर्यात्, तुतुर्यात्; Aor. तारिषत्, अतारिम, तरीत्; तरु-षेम in Ṛg-veda VII. 48, 2, Pāṇ. III. 1, 85, तरुषन्त, तरुषन्ते; तितिरुस्, part. तितिर्वस्; gen. ततरुषस्; inf. तरध्यै); Caus. P. तारयति, -यितुम्; Desid. तितीर्षति, तितरिषति, तितरीषति; Intens. तेतीर्यते, तातरीति or ता-तर्ति (Ved. pres. part. तरित्रत्); (cf. 1. तुर्, तुल्, तुर्व्; तर)•} I. त॑र, VI. तिर॑ (V.), cross (tr. and int.); traverse; cross over to (ac.); float; get to the end of, accomplish; fly along (horse); fulfil; pass through, overcome, escape: pp. तीर्ण, passed over, crossed, traversed; having crossed (± ac.); having thoroughly studied; cs. तारय, take across (ac.); save, rescue, or deliver from (ab.); des. तितीर्ष, wish to cross, to (ac.); intv. तर्तरीति or तरीतरीति, overcome all difficulties.
अति०, get across to, attain; overcome, escape (ac.).
वि‿अति०, cross beyond, overcome.
अव०, descend, to (ac., lc.), from (ab.); come down to earth, become incarnate (of gods); appear, show itself; get over, recover from (an illness); betake oneself to, arrive at, attain: दर्शन-पथम् -, come into view; सिद्धि-पथम् -, be fulfilled; प्रमाण-पथं न -, admit of no proof: pp. अवतीर्ण, having come to (ac.) from (ab., -°); having become incarnate, owing to or in the form of (-°); cs. cause to descend or alight; bring down, take off (clothes etc.); remove; aver (eye) from (ab.); introduce; perform: pp. -तारित.
सम्-अव०, having descended; cs. cause to descend from (ab.).
आ०, overcome; increase, extent; glorify.
उद्०, come out of (ab.); emerge from (water); escape from (ab.); descend; alight, put up at (lc.); cross over to (ac.); get over, overcome: pp. उत्तीर्ण, with act. or ps. meaning (gnly. -° or with ab.); cs. raise, fetch, help, or let, out of (ab.); deliver from (ab.); cause to descend from (ab.); take off (clothes etc.); unload (wares); take across.
प्र‿उद्०, emerge from the water (ab.); pass over, cross.
सम्-उद्०, step out of the water (ab.); come out of (ab.); escape from (ab.); cross.
निस्०, escape from (ab.); cross over; overcome, get rid of; clear oneself of (an accusation): pp. with act. & ps. mg.; cs. save or deliver from (ab.).
प्र०, take to the water, cross (ac.); further, promote, increase; prolong (life); cs. extend, prolong (life); mislead, deceive; lead away, persuade to (d., lc.).
वि-प्र०, cs. deceive.
वि०, traverse; grant, afford, bestow; give away; give in marriage; produce; perform; fight (battles): pp. gnly. ps.; having penetrated beyond (ac.).
प्र-वि०, bestow.
सम्०, cross to (ac.); traverse (a path) together; be saved from (only pp.); cs. take across, save from (ab.); rescue from all dangers.

√त्यज् — TYAJ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. त्यजति, तत्याज (Ved. तित्याज), त्यक्ष्यति (rarely त्यजि-ष्यति), अत्याक्षीत्, त्यक्तुम्; Pass. त्यज्यते,; Caus. त्याजयति, -यितुम्, Aor. अतित्यजत्; Desid. तित्यक्षति; Intens. तात्यज्यते, तात्यक्ति•} ((a)ti‿aj), I.P. (Ā.) त्यज, leave, forsake; abandon; disown; expose (a child); quit (a place); avoid (a person); let alone, spare; give up, renounce, abandon, throw, or give away; neglect; ignore: कलेवरम्, तनुम् or देहम् -, die; जीवितम्, प्राणान् or श्वासम् -, id. or risk one's life; ps. be forsaken by (in.) = get rid of: pp. त्यक्त; cs. त्याजय, cause to abandon (2 ac.); rob of (2 ac.); expel; cause to be disregarded: pp. त्याजित.
परि०, abandon; disown; quit (a place); give up, abandon, relinquish; avoid; disregard: देहम् -, die; जीवितम् or प्राणान् -, renounce life; ps. be abandoned by (in.) = lose: pp. robbed or bereft of, deserted by, without (in., -°).
सम्०, abandon, desert, disown; quit (a place); avoid, shun; give up, renounce; withdraw from; disregard: pp. robbed or bereft of, without, -less (in., -°); gd. -त्यज्य, excepting (ac.).

√त्रप् — TRAP, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. त्रपते, त्रेपे, त्रपिष्यते and त्रप्स्यते, अत्रपिष्ट and अत्रप्त, त्रपितुम् and त्रप्तुम्; Caus. त्रपयति and त्रापयति, -यितुम्; Desid. तित्रपिषते and ति-त्रप्सते; Intens. तात्रप्यते, तात्रप्ति•} I.Ā. त्रप, be embarrassed or ashamed; cs. त्रपय, P. cause to be embarrassed or ashamed.

√त्रस् — TRAS, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 10. P. त्रासयति, -यितुम्, to take, seize; to hold; to oppose, prevent, forbid. cl. 1. and 4. P. (ep. also A.) त्रसति, त्रस्यति, तत्रास (3rd pl. तत्रसुस् and त्रेसुस्), त्रसिष्यति, अत्रासीत् and अत्रसीत्, त्रसितुम्; Caus. त्रासयति, -यितुम्; Desid. तित्रसिषति; Intens. तात्रस्यते, तात्रस्ति•} I.P. त्र॑स, IV. (E. also Ā.) त्रस्य, tremble or quake, at, be afraid of (in., ab., g.): pp. त्रस्त॑, affrighted, trembling; cs. त्रासय, P. (E. also Ā.) shake; frighten, scare.
अप०, start back, flee.
उद्०, pp. उत्त्रस्त, frightened; cs. terrify, scare away.
परि०, pp. terrified.
वि०, tremble, be frightened: pp. affrighted; cs. terrify.
सम्०, pp. terrified; cs. terrify.

√त्रा — TRĀ, {•(by native authorities written त्रै 🔗, q. v.), cl. 1. A. त्रायते, &c.•} II; IV.Ā. त्रा॑य, protect, rescue, from (ab., g.); ps. त्रायते: pp. त्रात.
परि०, id.; ps. impv. परित्रायताम्, help!

√त्रुट् — TRUṬ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. 4. P. त्रुटति, त्रुट्यति, तुत्रोट, त्रुटितुम्; Caus. P. A. त्रोटयति, -ते, -यितुम्•} P. IV. त्रुट्य, VI. त्रुट, (int.) break, tear, burst asunder: pp. त्रुटित, broken; having a lacuna; cs. त्रोटय, tear asunder, break.

√त्वक्ष् — TVAKṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. त्वक्षति, तत्वक्ष, त्वक्षितुम् and त्वष्टुम्, to create, produce, generate, effect, to work (Ved.); to pare, make thin, peel, skin; to cover•} II. only with प्र०, pr. pt. -त्वक्षाण, pre-eminent.

√त्वङ्ग् — TVAṄG, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. त्वङ्गति, &c.•} I.P. त्वङ्ग, leap; gallop; move about, flicker.

√त्वर् — TVAR, 🔗 {•cl. 1. A. त्वरते (ep. also P. त्वरति), तत्वरे, त्वरितुम्; Caus. त्वरयति, -यितुम्, Aor. अतत्वरत्; Desid. तित्वरिषति; Intens. तात्वर्यते, तोतूर्ति; (cf. तुर्, तॄ)•} I.Ā. त्व॑र, (E. also P.) be quick; hasten, to (d., lc. of vbl. N. or inf.): pr. pt. त्वरमाण, hastily, quickly; pp. त्वरित, तूर्त॑ (ŚB), or तूर्ण (rare), swift, rapid, quick; hastening, to (lc. of vbl. N. or inf.: -म्, ad. quickly, hastily; cs. त्वर॑य, cause to make haste, urge on.

√त्विष् — TVIṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. त्वेषति, -ते, तित्वेष, तित्विषे (part. तित्विषाण), त्वेक्ष्यति, -ते, अत्विक्षत्, अत्विक्षत (Ved. forms अत्विषुस्, अत्विषन्त, अतित्विषन्त), त्वेष्टुम्, Ved. inf. त्विषे; Caus. त्वेषयति, -यितुम्, Aor. अतित्विषत्; Desid. तित्विक्षति, -ते; Intens. तेत्वि-ष्यते, तेत्वेष्टि•} VI. त्विष, (V.) be excited or agitated; stimulate, quicken; sparkle, shine, flame.

√त्सर् — TSAR, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. त्सरति, तत्सार, त्सरि-ष्यति, अत्सारीत् and अत्सार्, त्सरितुम्•} I.P. त्स॑र, approach stealthily.

 दा   दि   दु   दृ   द्य 

√ 🔗 🔗 🔗 — DAṂŚ, {•cl. 1. 10. P. दंशति, दंशयति, &c., to speak or shine. cl. 1. P. (ep. also A.) दशति, -ते, ददंश, दङ्क्ष्यति (ep. also दंशिष्यति), अदाङ्क्षीत्, दंष्टुम्, to bite, sting; to see (? cf. rt. दंस्); Caus. P. दंशयति, -यितुम्, Aor. अददङ्क्षत्; Desid. दिदङ्क्षति; Intens. दन्दश्यते, दन्दंष्टि, दन्दष्टि; Caus. of Intens. दन्दशयति•} I.P. (Ā.) द॑श, bite: pp. दष्-ट, bitten; cs. दंशय, cause to be bitten by (in.); provide with armour; cs. of intv. दन्दशय, P. cause to be bitten severely.
वि०, bite in pieces.
सम्०, press together; crush: pp. pressed closely; closely fitting, tight (garment).

√दंस् — DAṂS, 🔗 🔗 {•(connected with rt. दस्, q. v.; perhaps only a various reading for rt. दंश्, or a Prākṛt form of rt. 1. दृश्): cl. 1. P. 10. A. दंसति, दंसयते or दासयते, &c., to bite; to destroy, overpower. cl. 10. P. दंसयति, &c., to speak or to shine•} only cs. दंस॑य, be wondrous.

√दक्ष् — DAKṢ, 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. A. दक्षति, -ते, ददक्ष, दक्षितुम्; Caus. P. दक्षयति, -यितुम्, Aor. अददक्षत्•} I. द॑क्ष, P. satisfy or suit any one (d.); Ā. be able, skilful or strong; cs. P. दक्ष॑य, make efficient.

√दघ् — DAGH, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. दघ्यति, &c., Ved. to move, go, flow, reach, attain; to go away; (with पश्चा or पश्चात्) to lag behind, fall short of; cl. 5. P. दघ्नोति, &c., to hurt, kill; to go, to leap; to protect; (cf. rt. दङ्घ्)•} V.P. दघ्-नो-ति, reach to.

√दभ् — DABH, √दम्भ् DAMBH, 🔗 {•cl. 10. P. दाभयति or दम्भयति, &c.; cl. 1. 5. P. दभति, दभ्नोति, ददम्भ or ददाभ or देभ (pl. ददम्भुस् or देभुस्), दम्भिष्यति, अदम्भीत्, दम्भितुम्, Ved. inf. आ-दभे; Caus. P. A. दम्भयति, -ते, -यितुम्, Aor. अददम्भत्; Desid. दिदम्भि-षति, धिप्सति, धीप्सति, Ved. दिप्सति or दीप्सति; Intens. दादभ्यते, दादम्ब्धि•} (V.) P. I. द॑भ, V. दभ्नो॑, injure, hurt; deceive; cs. दम्भ॑य, P. Ā. avert; des. दि॑प्स, P. wish to hurt or destroy.

√दम् — DAM, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. दाम्यति, ददाम, दमितुम्; Pass. दम्यते (Aor. अदमि); Caus. P. A. दमयति, -ते, &c.•} IV.P. दा॑म्य, be tame; tame, subdue: pp. दान्त॑, tame, gentle; calm, tranquil, having one's passions subdued; cs. दम॑य, P. tame, break in; control, subdue: pp. दमित, tamed, subdued.

√दय् — DAY, 🔗 {•(cf. rt. 2. दा); cl. 1. A. दयते, दयाञ्-चक्रे, दयितुम्; Intens. दन्दय्यते and दादय्यते•} I.Ā. द॑य, divide; allot; possess; have compassion on, sympathise with (ac., g.): pp. दयित, q. v.
निर्-अव०, satisfy any one (ac.) with (in.), from (ab.).

√दरिद्रा — DAR-I-DRĀ, 🔗 {•(reduplicated form of rt. 1. द्रा; according to some, an old Intens. form; perhaps connected with rt. दॄ), cl. 2. P. दरिद्राति (दरिद्रिवस्, दरिद्रितस्, 3rd pl. दरिद्रति), दरिद्राञ्-चकार or ददरिद्रौ, दरि-द्रिष्यति, अदरिद्रीत् and अदरिद्रासीत्, दरिद्रि-तुम्, to be poor or needy, to be in distress•} v. √द्रा DRĀ, run.

√दल् — DAL, 🔗 🔗 {•(connected with rt. दॄ): cl. 1. P. दलति, ददाल, अदालीत्, दलितुम्; Caus. दलयति and दालयति, -यितुम्•} I.P. दल, burst (int.); cs. दा̆ल्-अय, cause to burst; disperse; grind: pp. दलित, (simple & cs.) burst, cleft, rent, torn; dispersed; destroyed.
वि०, burst asunder, rend: pp. crushed, shattered; burst open, flowering.
सम्०, pp. pierced.

√दश् — DAŚ, v. √दंश् DAṂŚ 🔗 🔗 🔗.

√दस् — DAS, 🔗 🔗 {•(connected with rt. दंस्): cl. 4. P. दस्यति, ददास, &c., to suffer want, to waste away, perish, become exhausted, to be ruined; to throw up, toss (cf. rt. तस्); cl. 1. 10. P. दंसति, दंसयति, &c. (see rt. दंस्), to bite, destroy, overpower; to see; to shine; Caus. P. दसयति, दासयति, -यितुम्•} IV.P. द॑स्य, (V.) suffer want, waste away, languish: pr. pt. I.Ā. द॑स्-अमान; cs. Ā. दसय, cause to languish, exhaust.
उप०, be exhausted, fail; be lacking to (ab., g.); cs. P. -दासय, cause to fail or cease.

√दह् — DAH, 🔗 {•(the original form of this rt. was probably दघ्), cl. 1. P. दहति (ep. दहते), ददाह, धक्ष्यति (ep. दहिष्यति), धक्ष्यते, दग्धुम् (Ved. inf. दग्धोस्; other Ved. forms are दक्षि, अधाक्, धाक्; part. धक्षत् or दक्षत्); Pass. दह्यते (ep. also दह्यति); Caus. दाहयति, -यितुम्, Aor. अदीदहत्; Desid. दिधक्षति (ep. -ते), (cf. दिधक्षा and दिधक्षु); Caus. of Desid. दिधक्षयति, -यितुम्; Intens. दन्दहीति, दन्दह्यते, दन्दग्धि•} I.P. (E. also Ā.) द॑ह, burn, consume with fire; cauterize; destroy; torment, agitate; ps. be burned; be destroyed; be consumed with in ward fire; be tortured: pp. दग्ध॑, q. v.; cs. दाहय, cause to be burned; burn (tr.); des. दिधक्ष, be about to burn or destroy; intv. दन्दहीति, दन्दग्धि, दन्दह्यते, burn or destroy completely; Ā. be completely burned.
अति०, dry up completely.
आ०, cs. ps. burn oneself.
उप०, set on fire.
निस्०, burn up; destroy completely; ps. be burned or destroyed completely; wither; cs. order to be set on fire.
अनु-निस्०, burn in succession.
परि०, burn up; ps. burn.
प्र०, burn, scorch; destroy; ps. catch fire, burn: pp. burnt; destroyed.
वि०, cauterize; scorch; destroy by fire: pp. वि॑दघ, q. v.
सम्०, consume, destroy; ps. be burnt; be consumed with grief.

√दा¹ — DĀ, 🔗 {•(many of the forms of this rt. are to be referred to the base दद्, which is sometimes regarded as a separate rt.; cf. 1. दद्), cl. 3. P. A. ददाति, दत्ते, 1st pl. दद्मस्, 2nd pl. दत्थ, 3rd pl. ददति (3rd pl. A. ददते); Impf. अददात्, अदत्त (3rd du. अदत्ताम्, 3rd pl. अददुस्, A. अददत); Pot. दद्यात्, ददीत (1st pl. A. ददी-महि, 3rd pl. ददीरन्); Impv. ददातु, दत्ताम् (2nd sing. देहि, A. दत्स्व, 3rd du. दत्ताम्, 2nd pl. दत्त, 3rd pl. ददतु); Perf. ददौ, ददे (2nd sing. ददिथ or ददाथ, 2nd du. ददथुस्, 2nd pl. दद, 3rd pl. ददुस्, 3rd du. A. ददाते, part. ददिवस्, gen. ददुषस्); Fut. दाता, दास्यति, -ते; Aor. अदात्, अदित (3rd pl. P. अदुस्, 1st sing. A. अदिषि, 3rd pl. अदिषत); Prec. देयात्, दासीष्ट; (Ved. forms are Pres. 3rd sing. दाति, 1st pl. दद्मसि; Impf. 2nd pl. अददात, अदत्तन, 2nd sing. ददास्, 3rd sing. ददात्, 2nd pl. ददात; Impv. दातु, 2nd sing. दद्धि; Perf. 3rd pl. A. with प्र, दद्रिरे, part. ददावत्, दद्वत्; Aor. दात्, 3rd du. दाताम्, 2nd pl. दात, 3rd pl. दुस्, 3rd sing. A. अददिष्ट, अदेदिष्ट, 2nd sing. Let ददस्. Ep. forms fr. 1. दद् are 1st sing. Pres. दद्मि, 3rd sing. ददति, -ते, 3rd pl. ददन्ति, -ते; Impf. 3rd sing. अददत्; Impv. 2nd sing. दद, A. ददस्व; Perf. 3rd sing. दददे, 3rd du. दददाते, 3rd pl. दददिरे); दातुम्, Ved. inf. दातवे, दातवै, दा-तोस्, दै in परा-दै; Caus. P. दापयति, -यितुम्, अदीदपत्; Desid. P. A. दित्सति, -ते, (Ved.) दिदासति; Intens. देदीयते, दादाति•} III. द॑दा, दद्, give, grant anything (ac. or partitive g.) to (c., g., lc.); resign (one's seat); give up (for, in. of price); sell; pay (fine, wages, or debt); deliver; return; offer (sacrifice); communicate, teach; make a sign (saṃjñām); relate news (saṃdesam); pronounce (blessings); speak (truth), utter (speech), address words to (d.); arrange a meeting (saṃketakam), a performance (prayogam); sacrifice or devote (oneself) to (d.); make way (pathānam or mārgam) for (g.); cause (pain etc.); allow to (inf.), with न, not allow to (inf.); grant a sight (darśanam) of oneself = show oneself; place or lay on or in (lc.); set fire to any one (lc.) = burn; draw with a piece (sāram) at chess; push to a bolt (argalam); administer poison (viṣam) to (g.); direct (steps, gaze, or thoughts) towards (lc.), give ear (karṇam) = listen to (lc.); add; produce, perform; undertake: pp. दत्त॑, also -त्त, after prepositions in आ̆; cs. दापय, P. (with 2 ac.) cause, order, or oblige to give, deliver, pay, return, utter, or put down; cause to be given, handed, or performed; procure; des. दिदास, दित्स, P. desire or be ready to give: - कन्याम्, wish to give a daughter in marriage.
अनु०, give way to any on (d.); yield to any one (d.) in (ac.).
आ०, gnly. Ā. take, receive, obtain; appropriate; deprive of, take away from (ab.); impair (vigour); extract from (ab.); avert the eye from (ab.); captivate (the heart); take with one; grasp, seize; take on one's shoulder (skandhena), in one's arms (bāhvoḥ); partake of; gnaw (± daśanaiḥ); perceive, observe, feel; note, remember; accept, approve; undertake, devote oneself to; take = choose or enter upon a path (mārgam or paddhatim); begin (a speech), commence (speaking etc.): pp. आ-त्त; gd. आदा॑य, having taken = with (ac.); des. आदित्स, Ā. be about to take or seize; wish to take away from (g.).
उद्-आ०, raise.
उप‿आ०, Ā. receive, obtain, acquire; assume, appropriate, take away; grasp; take up, gather; draw (water); catch (fire); perceive, feel; choose (a path); begin (to, inf.); mention, note; include; apply, employ; give oneself up to (joy, sorrow); have done with, conclude: pp. उपात्त; gd. उपादाय, including, besides; from - onwards; by means of; with (usual meaning).
वि‿आ०, open (mouth): pp. व्यात्त, gaping.
सम्-आ०, Ā. take up together, take away with one; take out or away, remove; grasp, lay hold of, seize.
परा०, give up, abandon, forsake.
परि०, P. Ā. deliver, commit, entrust, to (d., g., lc.): pp. परीत्त.
प्र०, P. (Ā. only V. and rare) give up, deliver; present, offer; give (a girl) in marriage; sell, for (in. of price); pay (a debt); make good (a loss); impart, teach; grant, confer; permit; afford; put into (lc.): pp. प्र॑त्त and प्रदत्त, given, bestowed in marriage; offered, presented, conferred, granted, afforded; cs. cause to give; force to pay or restore; des. Ā. wish to give in marriage.
सं-प्र०, give up, surrender; bestow in marriage; impart, teach; grant.
प्रति०, give back, restore, make good; cs. cause to be restored.
वि०, distribute.
सम्०, give jointly; grant.

√दा² — DĀ, 🔗 {•cl. 2. 4. P. दाति, द्यति, दातुम्; [according to native authorities the proper form of this rt. is दो, q. v.; cf. rts. दाय्, दल्•} (V.) P. II. दा॑-ति, IV. dya̍-ti, cut off; mow; ps. दीय, be doleful: pp. दिन॑, दित, -त्त.
अव०, cut off, esp. part of the sacrificial cake.
सम्-अव०, divide and collect the pieces.

√दा³ — DĀ, {•cl. 4. P. द्यति, दातुम्; (this root does not occur separately, and is not given in the Dhātu-pāṭha)•} P. IV. द्य॑-ति, bind.
आ०, tie up, bind.
नि०, id.: pp. निदित, bound; hidden.
सम्०, tie together: pp. संदित, bound; immovable.

√दा⁴ — DĀ, {•cl. 1. P. दायति, दातुम्, to clean, purify; (according to native authorities the proper form of this rt. is दै 🔗, q. v.)•} (no present base) purify, cleanse.
अव०, pp. -दात, pure white; purified; pure.
परि‿अव०, pp. thoroughly pure.
वि‿अव०, ps. दायते, be brightly diffused.

√दाश् — DĀŚ, 🔗 🔗 {•(apparently occurring only in Ṛg-veda), cl. 1. P. A. दाशति, -ते, (rarely cl. 2. 5. P.) दाष्टि, दाश्नोति, (according to Vopa-deva also) cl. 10. A. दाशयते, ददाश, (Ved. forms are ददाशति, ददाशत्, part. दाशिवस् and दाश्वस्, dat. sing. दाशुषे or ददाशुषे), दाशितुम्, (cf. rt. दास्); cl. 5. दाश्नोति, &c., (cf. rts. दास् and दस्); Caus. P. दाशयति, -यितुम्, Aor. अददासत्; Desid. दिदाशिषति, -ते; Intens. दादाश्यते, दादाष्टि•} (V.) P. I. दाशति, II. दाष्-टि, V. दाश्-नो॑-ति, worship a good (d.) with (in.); offer reverently; bestow; cs. दाशय, offer.

√दास् — DĀS, 🔗 {•(generally occurring in connection with the prep. अभि, connected with rts. 1. दाश्, दस्, दंश्, दंस्), cl. 1. P. A. दासति, -ते, ददास, -से, दासिता, &c.; cl. 5. P. दास्नोति, &c.•} I.P. दा॑स, (V.) only with अभि०, bear ill-will to, persecute.

√दिव्¹ — DIV, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. दीव्यति, दिदेव (2nd sing. दिदेविथ, part. दिदिवस्, or according to Vopa-deva दुद्यूवस्), देविष्यति, अदे-वीत्, देवितुम् (Ind. part. देवित्वा or द्यूत्वा); Caus. देवयति, -यितुम्, अदीदिवत्; Desid. दिदेविषति and दुद्यूषति; Caus. of the Desid. दुद्यूषयति, &c.; Intens. देदिवीति, देदेति, देदीव्यते•} IV. दी॑व्य, cast, throw; radiate, shine; throw dice, play at dice (in.) with any one (n.) for (in. or d.); sport, dally; have free play, rejoice: pp. द्यूत; cs. देवय, cause to play at dice.
प्रति०, play against (ac.); *play for anything (ac., g.) as a counter-stake.

√दिव्² — DIV, 🔗 {•cl. 1. P. देवति, cl. 10. P. देवयति, -यितुम्; A. (-ते)•} I. -दे॑व: pp. द्यून, tormented.
परि०, lament: pp. प॑रिद्यून, wretched; cs. -देवय, lament, bewail (ac.): pp. -देवित, pitiful.

√दिश् — DIŚ, 🔗 {•cl. 3. and in later Sanskṛt cl. 6. P. (rarely A.) दिदेष्टि, दिशति, -ते, दिदेश, दिदिशे, देक्ष्यति, -ते, अदिक्षत्, अदिक्षत (Ved. अदिष्ट), देष्टुम्; Pass. दिश्यते; Caus. देशयति, -यितुम्, अदीदिशत्; Desid. दिदिक्षति, -ते; Intens. देदिश्यते, देदेष्टि•} VI. दिश॑, III.P. दिदेष्टि, (V.) point out, show; produce (witness); assign, grant; pay (tribute); direct, command; bid (inf.): pp. दिष्ट॑, directed; determined, ordained; ordered; cs. देशय, show, direct.
अति०, transfer or extend to (g.); specify.
अनु०, refer to (ac.); assign anything (ac.) to (d., lc.); order.
सम्-अनु०, assign something (ac.) to (d.), indicate to (d.).
अप०, state, indicate; report, denounce; feign, pretend.
वि‿अप०, represent, designate, name; designate falsely, feign.
आ०, aim at; assign to (d.); indicate, announce, declare; impart, teach; designate; specify; predict of any one (ac.); prescribe; order, command, bid (with d., lc., inf., or -artham); banish to (lc.); undertake (a vow); cs. point out (a way).
निर्-आ०, pp. paid out.
प्रति‿आ०, prescribe; summon; decline, reject; repel; overcome; surpass.
वि‿आ०, indicate in detail; assign; explain, teach; prescribe; order, command (d. or lc. of object, lc. of destination); despatch to (d. or prati); declare, predict of (ac.).
सम्-आ०, assign, prescribe; state, declare; announce to, inform (d., g.); teach; determine, designate; predict of, declare any one (ac.) to be (ac. or iti with oratio recta); order, charge, command (with d., inf., or -artham); cs. command.
प्रति-सम्-आ०, reply; order.
उद्०, point out, indicate, determine; adduce (evidence); refer to, mean; designate as, mean by (2 ac.); design for, propose as (2 ac.); predict of (ac.); teach, explain: pp. उद्दिष्ट, meant in the sense of (lc.: lex.); gd. उद्दिश्य, aiming at, referring to = prp. (go) towards, (speak to or about; (throw) at, (place) on; for, on account of; in the name of; regarding, in connexion with.
सम्-उद्०, enumerate, mention; designate as, call (2 ac.): gd. समुद्दिश्य, aiming at = prp. towards, at; for, on account of; regarding; in honour of.
उप०, point to (ac.); point out, indicate; teach, instruct; advise; recommend; ordain, prescribe; mention, speak of; rule over, govern.
प्रति‿अप०, teach in return.
निस्०, point to (ac.); assign to (d., g.); designate, specify, name; determine; declare to be, regard as (2 ac.): pp. निर्दिष्ट, entrusted to, under the protection of (g.).
अभि-निस्०, designate as, call (2 ac.).
वि-निस्०, declare; designate as, call (2 ac.).
परि०, state, declare.
प्र०, point out, indicate, designate; declare; reveal; fix, ordain; prescribe; assign, apportion.
सम्०, assign to (d.); promise; charge or commission any one (ac., d., g.) with (ac.); order any one (ac.); give an order; despatch on a message to (d.).
प्रति-सम्०, give any one (ac. or haste with g.) a message in return, to (g.); order.

√दिह् — DIH, 🔗 {•cl. 2. P. A. देग्धि, दिग्धे, दिदेह, दिदिहे, धेक्ष्यति, -ते, अधिक्षत्, अधिक्षत, अदिग्ध, देग्धुम्; Caus. देहयति, यितुम्, Aor. अदीदिहत्; Desid. दिधिक्षति, -ते, Ved. धीक्षते; Intens. देदिह्यते, देदेग्धि•} II.P. दे॑ग्-धि, smear, anoint: pp. दिग्ध॑, anointed; smeared; soiled; defiled, by (in. or -°); poisoned; touched by (in.).
उप०, pp. overlaid with (-°).
प्र०, smear, anoint: pp. smeared, stained, or covered with (in., -°).
सम्०, smear; cover; ps. be uncertain or dubious; be mistaken for (in.): pp. smeared or covered with (in., -,); mistaken for (in., -°); indistinct; precarious; uncertain, doubtful, dubious.

√दी¹ — DĪ, 🔗 {•(cf. rt. डी), cl. 4. P. दीयति, &c.; Intens. देदीयते, Ved. inf. of Intens. देदीयितवै•} IV.P. दी॑य, fly, soar.
निस्०, fly forth.
परि०, fly around.

√दी² — DĪ, {•(an anomalous reduplicated rt. sometimes given in the form दीदी or दीदि; cf. rt. 1. धी and दीधी), cl. 3. P. 3rd pl. दीद्यति, अदीदेत्, 2nd impv. दीदिहि or दिदीहि, दीदियुस्, दीदाय, दीदयति, दीदयत्•} shine, दिदी.
नि०, beam down (ac.) on (d., lc.).

√दीक्ष् — DĪKṢ, 🔗 {•(a rt. formed fr. the Desid. of rt. दक्ष्, and signifying originally 'to wish to make one's self fit or competent'), cl. 1. A. दीक्षते, दिदीक्षे, दीक्षिष्यते, दीक्षितुम्; Caus. दीक्षयति or दीक्षा-पयति, &c.; Desid. दिदीक्षिषते•} I.Ā. दीक्ष, consecrate oneself (esp. for the Soma sacrifice): pp. दीक्षित, q. v.; cs. दीक्ष॑य, P. Ā. hallow.

√दीदि — DĪ-DI, II.P. दीदे॑ति, shine.

√दीधि — DĪ-DHI, II. दीधे, दीधि, appear; perceive.
अभि०, consider.
आ०, bethink oneself.
उद्०, look longingly up to.

√दीप् — DĪP, 🔗 {•cl. 4. A. (ep. also P.) दीप्यते, -ति, दिदीपे, दीपिष्यते, अदीपि or अदी-पिष्ट, दीपितुम्; Caus. दीपयति, -यितुम्, Aor. अदिदीपत् or अदी-दिपत्; Desid. दिदीपिषते; Intens. देदीप्यते, देदीप्ति•} IV.Ā. दी॑प्य, flame, blaze; beam, burn: pp. दीप्त, blazing; shining; brilliant; hot; cs. दीप॑य, P. (Ā. rare) kindle; excite; illuminate: intv. देदीप्य, A. blaze or shine brightly.
आ०, pp. blazing; cs. kindle.
उद्०, flame up; cs. kindle; excite; illuminate.
प्र०, flame up, burn: pp. blazing, shining; illuminated; cs. kindle, inflame.
सम्०, pp. burning, blazing; cs. set on fire, kindle.

√दु — DU, 🔗 🔗 {•(the original form of this rt. was probably दू), cl. 1. P. दवति, दुदाव (2nd sing. दुदविथ, 1st du. दुदुविव), दोता, दोष्यति, अदावीत्, अदौषीत्, दोतुम्; Caus. दावयति, &c.; (cf. rt. 1. द्रु)•} V.P. दुनो, IV. (P.) Ā. दूय, burn; be pained, be consumed with sorrow or remorse; tr. दुनो, burn, cause pain to, torment, afflict: pp. दून॑, दुत, suffering pain, tormented.
अभि०, burn.
आ० (dunu), Ā. grieve.
परि०, burn violently; grieve.
प्र०, be consumed by fire; torment.
वि० (dunu), Ā. grieve.

√दुल् — DUL, 🔗 {•cl. 10. P. दोलयति, &c.; (cf. तुल्, दोल, दोलाय)•} X.P. दोलय, raise, swing; whirl up (dust): pp. दो॑लित, swaying, wavering.

√दुष् — DUṢ, 🔗 {•cl. 4. P. (ep. also A.) दुष्यति, -ते, दुदोष, दोक्ष्यति, अदुषत् (according to Vopa-deva also अदुक्षत्), दोष्टुम्; Caus. दूषयति (ep. also -ते), -यितुम्•} IV.P. (E. also Ā.) दुष्य (Br. etc.), be spoiled, impaired, or ruined; bed defiled, sullied, or corrupted; be guilty, be in fault; commit a sin: pp. दुष्-ट, spoiled; tainted, vitiated; corrupt; defective; false; malevolent; dangerous; bad, wicked; convicted, guilty; sinning or injuring with (-°); ill-affected towards, angry with (g.); cs. दूष॑य, q. v.
प्र०, grow worse (disease); be defiled or corrupted; act amiss, deteriorate (morally: pp. wicked, sinful; licentious (woman); wanton, ungovernable (senses).
वि-प्र०, wicked; exceedingly corrupt, profligate.
सम्०, be defiled: pp. wicked; angry with (-°).

√दुह् — DUH, 🔗 🔗 {•(connected with rt. तुह्): cl. 1. P. दोहति, दुदोह, अदुहत्, and अदोहीत्, to hurt, pain, give pain, distress, torment. (the original form of this rt. was probably दुघ्, cf. दुघ): cl. 2. P. A. दोग्धि, दुग्धे (2nd sing. धोक्षि, धुक्षे); Impf. P. अधोक् (1st du. अदुह्व); Impv. P. दोग्धु (2nd sing. दुग्धि, A. धुक्ष्व), दुदोह, दुदुहे (3rd pl. P. दुदुहुस्; Bhāg. -Purāṇa V. 15, 9, दु-दूहुस्), धोक्ष्यति, -ते, अधुक्षत्, अधुक्षत, and अदुग्ध; (Vedic and irregular forms are, दोग्धे; धुक्षस्व; दुहाम्; 3rd sing. दुहे; 3rd pl. दुह्रे, दुहते, and दुह्रते; अदुह्रन्; दोहत्; दुहुस्; धुक्षन्, धुक्षत; दुहीयत्; part. दुहान and दुघान); Inf. दोग्धुम्, Ved. दोग्धोस्, दोहसे, to milk, etc.; Pass. दुह्यते, Aor. अदोहि; Caus. P. दोहयति (rarely -ते), -यितुम्, Aor. अदूदुहत्; Desid. दुधुक्षति, -ते; (cf. दुधुक्षु); Intens. दोदुह्यते, दोदोग्धि•} II. दो॑ग्धि, दुग्धे॑ (common); 1. दो॑ह, (V. rare); IV. दुह्य (rare); VI. दुह॑ (rare); milk (also of the extraction of the Soma-juice); derive advantage from (ac.); draw forth or extract anything (ac.) from (ac., ab.); give (milk); yield (desired objects); grant or fulfil (wishes): pp. दुग्ध॑, milked; drained, exploited; cs. दोह्-अ॑य, cause to milk; milk out; extract; des. दु॑दुक्ष (V.) and दुधुक्ष, wish to milk.
निस्०, milk out, extract; withdraw.
सम्०, milk (together); Ā. milk (together).

√दृ¹ — DṚ, 🔗 {•cl. 6. A. द्रियते, &c., to honour, worship, (only occurring with prep. आ)•} IV. Ā. -द्रिय॑.
आ०, heed, consider; trouble about; respect; be held in esteem: pp. आदृत, q. v.
अति‿आ०, pay great regard to (ac.): pp. with ps. and act. meaning.

√दृ² — DṚ, v. DṜ 🔗 🔗,

√दृंह् — DṚṂH, 🔗 {•(connected and sometimes identified with rt. दृह्), cl. 1. P. दृंहति, ददृंह, दृंहितुम्; cl. 1. A. दृंहते; Caus. दृंहयति, -यितुम्; Desid. दिदृंहिषति; Intens. दरीदृंह्यते•} I.P. दृंह, fasten, make firm, establish; Ā. be firm: IV.P. Ā. दृह्य, id.: pp. दृढ॑, firm, hard; steadfast, unwavering; violent, intense, great: -म्, ad. firmly, steadily; greatly, much; very well; cs. P. दृंहय, make firm, establish; Ā. be firm.

√दृप् — DṚP, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•(connected with rt. दृम्प्): cl. 6. P. दृपति, दृफति, दृम्फति, &c., to pain, inflict pain, torture. cl. 1. 10. P. दर्पति and दर्पयति, &c., to light, kindle, inflame. cl. 4. P. दृप्यति, ददर्प, दर्पिता, दर्प्ता, द्रप्ता, द्रप्स्यति, अदृ-पत्, अद्राप्सीत् or अदार्प्सीत्, अदर्पीत्, दर्पितुम्, दर्प्तुम् and द्रप्तुम्; Caus. दर्पयति, -यितुम्•} IV.P. दृप्य, become mad; be crazy, extravagant, or arrogant: pp. दृप्त, extravagant, wild, arrogant: -तर, cpv. excessively arrogant; cs. दर्पय, make mad or arrogant: pp. दर्पित, made insolent by, boasting of (-°); wild, arrogant.
अति०, be excessively arrogant: pp. very arrogant.

√दृभ् — DṚBH, 🔗 🔗 🔗 {•cl. 6. 1. 10. P. दृभति, दर्भति, दर्भयति, ददर्भ, &c.•} VI.P. दृभ॑, make into tufts, string together.
सम्०, pp. सं॑-दब्ध, bound together; composed; confirmed.

√दृश् — DṚŚ, 🔗 {•(this rt. forms the Pres., Impf., Pot., and Impv. fr. a rt. पश्, said to be a weakened form of rt. स्पश्), cl. 1. P. पश्यति, ददर्श (rarely ददृशे, 2nd sing. P. ददर्शिथ or दद्रष्ठ, Ved. ददृक्षे, part. ददृ-श्वस् or ददृशिवस् or दर्शिवस्, q. v.), द्रष्टा, द्रक्ष्यति, अदर्शत्, अद्राक्षीत् (Vedic forms अद्राक्, अदृक्षत, अदृश्रम्), द्रष्टुम्, Ved. inf. दृशे, दृशये; Pass. दृश्यते (rarely with P. terminations दृश्यति); Caus. P. A. दर्शयति, -ते, -यितुम्, Aor. अदीदृशत्, अददर्शत्; Desid. A. दिदृक्षते, &c.; Intens. दरी-दृश्यते, दर्दर्ष्टि•} pr. base पश्य, 1. see, behold, observe; visit, wait upon; look at; look on (int.); recognise (by, in.); ascertain; discover; inspect; trouble about, examine; see with the mind's eye = compose (hymns); ps. दृश्य॑, be seen, become visible; appear, look, turn out to be (nm.); be inspected; be generally accepted as (nm.), be current in the sense of (lc.): pp. दृष्ट॑, seen, etc.; observed, treated, recognised, considered; having appeared, manifesting itself, existing; experienced, suffered; devised; become acquainted with; foreseen, fore-ordained; decided (suit); acknowledged, established, sanctioned (by, -°); cs. दर्श॑य, cause any one to see (2 ac.), show to (ac., d., g.); point with (ac.) towards (lc.); point towards; produce (in court); display, indicate; confess; prove; show oneself to (ac., g.); आत्मानम् -, show oneself, appear, pretend to be: pp. दर्शित; des. दिदृक्ष, wish or like to see; des. of cs. दिदर्शयिष, P. wish to show.
अनु०, behold, perceive; cs. inform, instruct.
अभि०, look at, see; ps. be seen, appear.
आ०, cs. show.
उद्०, cs. appear: pp. -म्, (impl.) one has appeared.
उप०, look on; observe; ps. Ā. appear; cs. show, present; represent; pretend; explain, illustrate.
नि०, cs. show, set forth; point, indicate; introduce, enumerate; teach, instruct.
परि०, view, frequent; consider, excogitate; ps. be observed, show oneself; cs. show, demonstrate.
प्र०, foresee; see, behold; Ā. ps. become visible; appear; cs. show, display; designate; describe, explain.
उप-प्र०, refer to (ac.).
सं-प्र०, ps. appear; cs. show: आत्मानं मृतवत् -, feign oneself dead.
प्रति०, perceive; ps. Ā. appear: प्रत्यदर्शि, has appeared; cs. show.
वि०, ps. Ā. be discerned, appear distinctly; cs. show; teach.
सम्०, behold, perceive; look on; inspect; review; consider fully; ps. Ā. appear together with (in.); be observed, appear; cs. show, display; show oneself to (ac.); represent: आत्मानं मृतवत् -, feign oneself dead.

√दृह् — DṚH, 🔗 {•(connected with rt. दृंह्): cl. 1. P. दर्हति, दृंहति, ददर्ह, दर्हिष्यति, दर्हितुम्, to fix, fasten, make firm or strong, make immovable; (A.) to be fixed or fastened; to be firm; to grow, increase, prosper; Caus. दृं-हयति, &c., to make firm, to fix; to keep, hold fast; to become fixed or strong, be firm•} v. √दृंह् DṚṂH.